Carton Erlandsson Lucía, Martín Duce Antonio, Gragera Martínez Raquel de Los Reyes, Sanz Guijo María, Muriel García Alfonso, Mirón González Rubén, Gigante Pérez Crispín
Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia; Universidad de Alcalá. Alcalá de Henares. España.
Hospital Beata María Ana. Madrid. España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2024 May 13;98:e202405034.
Social media allows individuals to access a vast amount of health-related information immediately and anonymously, a fact that is turning these platforms into one of the primary sources of reference in this area, especially for younger generations. Given this reality, the objective of determining the impact of social media on digital health literacy in the general Spanish population was proposed.
A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 2023. Using a non-probabilistic sampling, the population residing in Spain, over eighteen years old, and users of social networks were included, obtaining a sample of 1,307 participants. An adaptation of the validated eHEALS questionnaire on digital health literacy was used. This questionnaire, created in Microsoft Forms, was disseminated through an anonymous link via the research team's social networks and collaborators. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0, assuming a significance level with a value of p<0.05.
All participants affirmed having consumed health information through social networks, but 72.1% stated they had actively used these platforms to search for this health information. Regarding digital health literacy, a median score of 24 out of 40 points was obtained on the questionnaire, being significantly higher among those who claimed to use social networks as a source of health information (p=0.0001).
Actively employing social media as a source of health information is associated with a higher level of digital health literacy.
社交媒体使个人能够立即且匿名地获取大量与健康相关的信息，这一事实正将这些平台转变为该领域的主要参考来源之一，尤其是对年轻一代而言。鉴于这一现实情况，提出了确定社交媒体对西班牙普通人群数字健康素养影响的目标。
2023年开展了一项横断面描述性研究。采用非概率抽样，纳入居住在西班牙、年龄超过18岁且为社交网络用户的人群，获得了1307名参与者的样本。使用了经过验证的关于数字健康素养的eHEALS问卷的改编版。该问卷在Microsoft Forms中创建，通过研究团队的社交网络和合作者以匿名链接的方式进行传播。使用SPSS 22.0进行描述性和推断性统计分析，假设显著性水平为p<0.05。
所有参与者均确认通过社交网络获取过健康信息，但72.1%的人表示他们曾积极利用这些平台搜索此类健康信息。关于数字健康素养，问卷得分中位数为40分中的24分，在那些声称将社交网络作为健康信息来源的人群中得分显著更高（p = 0.0001）。
积极将社交媒体用作健康信息来源与更高水平的数字健康素养相关。
