Paryab Mehrsa
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Dent. 2024 Feb 24;21:8. doi: 10.18502/fid.v21i8.15004. eCollection 2024.
Hypodontia is the most common dental developmental disorder. Several underlying mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in its pathogenesis. Occurrence of hypodontia as an isolated trait due to genetic mutations has also been reported. Hypodontia most commonly involves the mandibular premolars, maxillary lateral incisors and second premolars. However, hypodontia of permanent second molars is a rare occurrence. To the best of the author's knowledge, only two studies on orthodontic patients have reported hypodontia of permanent second molars in Iran. This case report describes non-syndromic bilateral missing of permanent mandibular second molars in a 10-year-old child. Clinical examination revealed no systemic underlying condition, and no clinical evidence of any syndrome, or hereditary or familial pattern. Due to the potential impact of hypodontia on the function of dentition, prompt management of hypodontia is imperative. Furthermore, due to the possible mutations associated with hypodontia, additional screening for cancer susceptibility may be recommended.
牙发育不全是最常见的牙齿发育障碍。已经提出了几种潜在机制参与其发病过程。也有报道称由于基因突变，牙发育不全作为一种孤立的性状出现。牙发育不全最常累及下颌前磨牙、上颌侧切牙和第二前磨牙。然而，恒牙第二磨牙的牙发育不全很少见。据作者所知，伊朗仅有两项关于正畸患者的研究报道了恒牙第二磨牙的牙发育不全。本病例报告描述了一名10岁儿童双侧恒牙下颌第二磨牙缺失且无综合征表现的情况。临床检查未发现全身性潜在疾病，也没有任何综合征、遗传或家族模式的临床证据。由于牙发育不全对牙列功能的潜在影响，必须及时对牙发育不全进行处理。此外，由于牙发育不全可能与相关突变有关，可能建议进行额外的癌症易感性筛查。
