Department of Pediatrics, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, 315336, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Cixi Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Zhejiang Province, 315300, Cixi, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 May 14;24(1):1310. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18581-z.
This study examined the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward allergic rhinitis (AR) among parents.
This cross-sectional study enrolled parents of children with AR at Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital between December 2022 and March 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to collect the demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward AR.
This study included 480 questionnaires, and 78.33% were mothers. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 13.49 ± 6.62 (possible range: 0-24), 33.99 ± 3.40 (possible range: 8-40), and 21.52 ± 3.36 (possible range: 5-26), indicating poor knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practice. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed living in urban areas in Ningbo outside Hangzhou Bay New Zone (OR = 4.33, 95%CI: 1.52-12.34, P = 0.006), living in rural areas in Ningbo (OR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.00-4.59, P = 0.049), being self-employed (OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.00-3.95, P = 0.049), monthly income per capita ≥ 20,000 CNY (OR = 1.89, 95%CI: 1.02-3.47, P = 0.042), child with one biological sibling (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.30-0.78, P = 0.003), and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.40-3.86, P = 0.001) were independently associated with adequate knowledge. The knowledge (OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.05-1.13, P < 0.001) and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.06-3.22, P = 0.032) were independently associated with a positive attitude. The knowledge (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04-1.13, P = 0.001), attitude (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.28-1.55, P < 0.001), monthly income per capita ≥ 20,000 CNY (OR = 3.59, 95%CI: 1.49-8.65, P = 0.004), no previous hospital visit for AR (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.16-0.78, P = 0.003), and ≥ 6 times hospital visits for AR (OR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.20-0.81, P = 0.011) were independently associated with the practice scores.
The parents of children with AR had poor knowledge but positive attitudes and proactive practice toward AR. This study has identified a need for specific and reliable information initiatives to be introduced as a means of reducing parental concern and ensuring evidence-based strategies for managing children with AR.
本研究调查了父母对过敏性鼻炎（AR）的知识、态度和实践（KAP）。
本横断面研究纳入了 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 3 月在宁波杭州湾医院就诊的儿童 AR 患儿的父母。采用自填式问卷收集人口统计学特征、AR 相关知识、态度和实践情况。
本研究共纳入 480 份问卷，其中 78.33%为母亲。知识、态度和实践评分的平均值分别为 13.49±6.62（可能范围：0-24）、33.99±3.40（可能范围：8-40）和 21.52±3.36（可能范围：5-26），表明知识水平较低、态度积极、实践主动。多变量 logistic 回归分析显示，在宁波市区（OR=4.33，95%CI：1.52-12.34，P=0.006）、宁波农村地区（OR=2.15，95%CI：1.00-4.59，P=0.049）、个体经营（OR=1.99，95%CI：1.00-3.95，P=0.049）、人均月收入≥20000 元（OR=1.89，95%CI：1.02-3.47，P=0.042）、儿童有一个同胞（OR=0.48，95%CI：0.30-0.78，P=0.003）和≥6 次 AR 就诊（OR=2.32，95%CI：1.40-3.86，P=0.001）与充足的知识水平独立相关。知识（OR=1.09，95%CI：1.05-1.13，P<0.001）和≥6 次 AR 就诊（OR=1.84，95%CI：1.06-3.22，P=0.032）与积极的态度独立相关。知识（OR=1.08，95%CI：1.04-1.13，P=0.001）、态度（OR=1.41，95%CI：1.28-1.55，P<0.001）、人均月收入≥20000 元（OR=3.59，95%CI：1.49-8.65，P=0.004）、无 AR 就诊史（OR=0.35，95%CI：0.16-0.78，P=0.003）和≥6 次 AR 就诊（OR=0.40，95%CI：0.20-0.81，P=0.011）与实践评分独立相关。
儿童 AR 患儿的父母对 AR 的知识水平较低，但态度积极，实践主动。本研究表明，需要开展具体和可靠的信息倡议，以减轻父母的担忧，并确保管理 AR 患儿的循证策略。
