Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, 241, RAKMHSU Campus, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
Microbiology and Molecular Division, NGS & COVID Laboratory, RAK Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 May 14;43(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00544-0.
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has caused worldwide panic in the global population taking people's lives, creating fear, and affecting mother-child relationships. Many questions were raised on the dangers of being infected with COVID-19 for newborns and safety concerns during feeding by COVID-19-positive mothers. Moreover, questions and doubts about the safety of the administration of vaccinations for nursing mothers are still open. This review attempts to fill the existing literature gap by exploring concepts concerning COVID-19 and breastfeeding mothers, the safety of vaccinations, the beneficial effects of breastfeeding on both mother and child, important hygiene recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers, and possible solutions to optimize breastfeeding and safety precautions amidst the fear of emergence of novel variants.
All relevant publications from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search engines from December 2019 to October 2022 related to SARS-CoV-2, breastfeeding, COVID-19, lactating guidelines, and vaccination were included using 'Breastfeeding AND vaccine AND SARS-CoV-2' as MESH TERMS. Apart from the literature review, existing maternity protocols followed in Northern UAE were gathered from lactation consultants practicing in the UAE.
Out of 19,391 records generated, only 24 studies were analyzed and summarized in this exhaustive review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow chart. Previous studies suggest that breastmilk is predominantly the primary source of nutrition for neonates. Breast milk is a rich source of antibodies that help the baby to fight against infections including other benefits. Hygiene recommendations for suspected or confirmed COVID-19-infected mothers are required along with psychological and emotional support.
The administration of vaccinations should be advised and encouraged to protect the mothers with antibodies and the neonates by the passive transmission of antibodies through breast milk. This is a significant reason for not stopping breastfeeding even in case of COVID-19 infection. With adherence to proper hygiene methods, breastfeeding is recommended to be continued as the benefits greatly outweigh the risks.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发在全球范围内引起了公众恐慌，夺走了人们的生命，造成了恐惧，并影响了母婴关系。人们对新生儿感染 COVID-19 的危险以及 COVID-19 阳性母亲在喂养时的安全问题提出了许多疑问。此外，对于哺乳期母亲接种疫苗的安全性问题仍存在疑问和疑虑。本综述试图通过探讨与 COVID-19 哺乳母亲、疫苗安全性、母乳喂养对母婴的有益影响、SARS-CoV-2 感染母亲的重要卫生建议以及在出现新型变异时优化母乳喂养和安全预防措施的可能解决方案等相关概念，来填补现有文献空白。
使用“母乳喂养和疫苗和 SARS-CoV-2”作为 MESH 术语，从 2019 年 12 月至 2022 年 10 月，从 Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus 搜索引擎中搜索与 SARS-CoV-2、母乳喂养、COVID-19、哺乳指南和疫苗相关的所有相关出版物。除了文献综述外，还从在阿联酋执业的哺乳顾问那里收集了阿联酋北部现有的产妇协议。
在生成的 19,391 条记录中，仅使用 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses（PRISMA）流程图分析和总结了 24 项研究。先前的研究表明，母乳是新生儿的主要营养来源。母乳是抗体的丰富来源，可以帮助婴儿抵抗感染，包括其他益处。对于疑似或确诊 COVID-19 感染的母亲，需要进行卫生建议以及提供心理和情感支持。
应建议和鼓励接种疫苗，以通过母乳中抗体的被动传递来保护母亲和新生儿。这是即使在 COVID-19 感染的情况下也不停止母乳喂养的重要原因。通过遵守适当的卫生方法，建议继续母乳喂养，因为其益处远远大于风险。
