Tutic Andreas, Haiser Friederike, Krumpal Ivar
Department of Sociology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Institute of Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Lower Saxony, Germany.
Front Sociol. 2024 Apr 30;9:1391214. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1391214. eCollection 2024.
Do social classes differ in moral judgment? Previous research showed that upper-class actors have a greater inclination toward utilitarian judgments than lower-class actors and that this relationship is mediated by empathic concern. In this paper, we take a closer look at class-based differences in moral judgment and use the psychometric technique of process dissociation to measure utilitarian and deontological decision inclinations as independent and orthogonal concepts. We find that upper-class actors do indeed have a greater inclination toward decisions consistent with utilitarian principles, albeit only to a quite small extent. Class-related differences are more pronounced with respect to deontological judgments, in so far as upper-class actors are less inclined to judgments consistent with deontological principles than lower-class actors. In addition, it is shown that class-based differences in utilitarian judgments are mediated by cognitive styles and not so much by empathic concern or moral identity. None of these potential mediators explains class-based differences in the inclination toward deontological judgments.
社会阶层在道德判断上存在差异吗？先前的研究表明，上层阶级的行为者比下层阶级的行为者更倾向于功利主义判断，并且这种关系是由共情关怀介导的。在本文中，我们更深入地研究基于阶层的道德判断差异，并使用过程分离的心理测量技术来衡量功利主义和道义论的决策倾向，将其作为独立且正交的概念。我们发现，上层阶级的行为者确实更倾向于做出与功利主义原则一致的决策，尽管程度相当小。在道义论判断方面，与阶层相关的差异更为明显，因为上层阶级的行为者比下层阶级的行为者更不倾向于做出与道义论原则一致的判断。此外，研究表明，基于阶层的功利主义判断差异是由认知风格介导的，而不是由共情关怀或道德认同介导的。这些潜在的中介因素都无法解释基于阶层的道义论判断倾向差异。
