Scherer H, Clarke A H, Baetke F
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1985 May;64(5):263-8.
A caloric nystagmus was observed during weightlessness in orbital flight. This cannot be reconciled with the classical convection theory of the caloric mechanism. Alternative hypotheses are discussed. It appears that a direct thermal effect on the canal afferents could only play a small part. It is suggested that a stronger effect is produced by the temperature-mediated volume change in the horizontal semicircular canal, the asymmetric stimulation of the canal ring leading to volume displacement towards the cupula. On earth, the convective torque produced by redistribution of endolymph mass may be considered as a secondary effect, comparable to a stimulus producing a nystagmus threshold response. Modulation of the caloric and rotatory nystagmus by body position and the role of the otoliths are also discussed.
在轨道飞行的失重状态下观察到了冷热性眼震。这与冷热机制的经典对流理论无法协调。文中讨论了其他假说。看来对半规管传入神经的直接热效应可能只起很小的作用。有人提出，水平半规管中温度介导的体积变化产生了更强的效应，半规管环的不对称刺激导致内淋巴液朝向壶腹的体积位移。在地球上，内淋巴质量重新分布产生的对流扭矩可被视为一种次要效应，类似于产生眼震阈值反应的刺激。文中还讨论了体位对冷热性眼震和旋转性眼震的调制以及耳石的作用。
