Elshenawy Mahmoud, Arabi Tarek Z, Ateya Heba A, Elhassan Tusneem, Ali Saad S, Othman Rana K, Alkhatib Radwan, Elshentenawy Ayman, Badran Ahmed
Department of Medical Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU.
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shebin El Kom, EGY.
Cureus. 2024 Apr 15;16(4):e58292. doi: 10.7759/cureus.58292. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is an aggressive benign tumor, which constitutes 5% of all primary bone tumors. Denosumab, a receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand monoclonal antibody, inhibits osteoclast-induced bone destruction and has demonstrated promising results in patients with GCTB. However, the long-term efficacy of the drug has not been extensively studied, especially in the Middle East.
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the five-year progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with GCTB at a single Saudi center. PFS was defined as the time from diagnosis until disease progression, relapse, or death. Events were censored after five years from diagnosis.
Sixty-two patients with GCTB were included in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 31.16 years, and 38 (61.3%) patients were female. Twenty-nine patients (46.8%) received denosumab during the study period. The median duration of denosumab treatment was 5.06 months, and the median number of cycles was 6. The median PFS was not reached, and the five-year PFS rate was 60.3%. Age, gender, body mass index, performance status at presentation, and tumor location had no impact on five-year PFS. Denosumab treatment prolonged PFS; however, this was not statistically significant compared to non-denosumab patients (= 0.603).
Denosumab does not seem to provide superior long-term outcomes compared to surgery alone. Although our findings are generally consistent with other studies in the literature, larger long-term studies are needed to confirm our findings.
骨巨细胞瘤（GCTB）是一种侵袭性良性肿瘤，占所有原发性骨肿瘤的5%。地诺单抗是一种核因子κB受体活化因子配体单克隆抗体，可抑制破骨细胞诱导的骨破坏，在GCTB患者中已显示出有前景的结果。然而，该药物的长期疗效尚未得到广泛研究，尤其是在中东地区。
在本研究中，我们回顾性分析了沙特一个中心GCTB患者的五年无进展生存期（PFS）。PFS定义为从诊断到疾病进展、复发或死亡的时间。诊断后五年对事件进行截尾。
62例GCTB患者纳入研究。诊断时的中位年龄为31.16岁，38例（61.3%）患者为女性。29例（46.8%）患者在研究期间接受了地诺单抗治疗。地诺单抗治疗的中位持续时间为5.06个月，中位周期数为6个。中位PFS未达到，五年PFS率为60.3%。年龄、性别、体重指数、就诊时的体能状态和肿瘤部位对五年PFS无影响。地诺单抗治疗延长了PFS；然而，与未接受地诺单抗治疗的患者相比，这在统计学上无显著差异（=0.603）。
与单独手术相比，地诺单抗似乎并未提供更优的长期疗效。尽管我们的研究结果总体上与文献中的其他研究一致，但仍需要更大规模的长期研究来证实我们的发现。
