埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔州接受抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的 HIV 阳性患者中乙型和丙型肝炎病毒合并感染及相关因素。

Hepatitis B and C viral coinfection and associated factors among HIV-positive patients attending ART clinics of Afar regional state, northeast Ethiopia.

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2024 May 16;19(5):e0302453. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302453. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0302453

PMID:38753600

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11098400/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) coinfection are the major causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The burden of hepatitis among HIV-positive individuals has not been studied in the Afar region. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV coinfection and associated factors among HIV-positive patients in Afar Regional State, northeast Ethiopia.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 477 HIV-positive patients between February 2019 and May 2019. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and associated factors. Five milliliters of blood was collected, and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibodies were detected using rapid test kits. Positive samples were confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05.

RESULTS

Among the 477 study participants, 320/477(67.1%) of them were females and 157(32.9%) males. The overall prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was 25(5.2%) and 7(1.5%), respectively. Multi-sexual practice was significantly associated with HIV-HBV coinfection (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2-24.4, P = 0.032).

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of both HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was intermediate. Multi-sexual practice was significantly associated with HIV-HBV coinfection. Screening of all HIV-positive patients for HBV and HCV and health education regarding the transmission modes should be considered.

摘要

背景

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）合并感染是导致人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者肝脏相关发病率和死亡率的主要原因。在 HIV 阳性个体中，肝炎的负担尚未在阿法尔地区进行研究。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔地区 HIV 阳性患者中 HBV 和 HCV 合并感染的流行率及其相关因素。

方法

本研究为横断面研究，于 2019 年 2 月至 2019 年 5 月期间纳入了 477 名 HIV 阳性患者。采用结构化和预测试问卷收集社会人口统计学数据和相关因素。采集 5 毫升血液，使用快速检测试剂盒检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和丙型肝炎抗体。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对阳性样本进行确认。采用二项和多变量逻辑回归分析确定相关因素。统计显著性设为 P<0.05。

结果

在 477 名研究参与者中，320/477（67.1%）为女性，157（32.9%）为男性。HIV-HBV 和 HIV-HCV 合并感染的总患病率分别为 25（5.2%）和 7（1.5%）。多性伴行为与 HIV-HBV 合并感染显著相关（AOR=5.3；95%CI：1.2-24.4，P=0.032）。