Bonati Claudio, Pelissetto Andrea, Vicari Ettore
Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Pisa and INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Roma Sapienza and INFN Sezione di Roma I, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
Phys Rev E. 2024 Apr;109(4-1):044146. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.109.044146.
We investigate the nature of the deconfinement transitions in three-dimensional lattice Abelian Higgs models, in which a complex scalar field of integer charge Q≥2 is minimally coupled with a compact U(1) gauge field. Their phase diagram presents two phases separated by a transition line where static charges q, with q<Q, deconfine. We argue that these deconfinement transitions belong to the same universality class as transitions in generic three-dimensional Z_{Q} gauge models. In particular, they are Ising-like for Q=2, of first order for Q=3, and belong to the three-dimensional gauge XY universality class for Q≥4. This general scenario is supported by numerical finite-size scaling analyses of the energy cumulants for Q=2, Q=4, and Q=6.
我们研究三维晶格阿贝尔希格斯模型中去禁闭相变的性质，其中整数电荷(Q\geq2)的复标量场与紧致(U(1))规范场进行最小耦合。它们的相图呈现出由一条转变线分隔的两个相，在这条转变线上，电荷(q)（(q<Q)）会去禁闭。我们认为这些去禁闭相变与一般三维(Z_Q)规范模型中的相变属于同一普适类。特别地，对于(Q = 2)，它们类似伊辛模型；对于(Q = 3)，是一阶相变；对于(Q\geq4)，属于三维规范XY普适类。这种一般情况得到了对(Q = 2)、(Q = 4)和(Q = 6)的能量累积量进行数值有限尺寸标度分析的支持。
