Exercise Biochemistry & Sport Neurobiology Division, Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JAPAN.
Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, JAPAN.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2024 Oct 1;56(10):1964-1975. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003487. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
Exercise benefits the body and mind, but its weight loss effect is less than generally expected. Although this phenomenon is likely due to an exercise intensity-dependent decrease in non-exercise physical activity (NEPA), resulting in a decrease in non-exercise activity thermogenesis, the underlying mechanisms and effects of exercise intensity remain unknown. Here we show that acute vigorous exercise decreases subsequent NEPA and body temperature (BT) in association with body weight gain.
Adult male C57BL/6J mice were categorized into three groups: sedentary, moderate exercise, and vigorous exercise, with exercise groups undergoing a 30-min treadmill session. Using an intraperitoneally implanted activity monitor, NEPA and BT were monitored for 2 d before and 3 d after exercise. The daily synchrony between NEPA and BT was evaluated using a cross-correlation function. Plasma corticosterone was also detected 6 and 24 h after exercise.
Notably, only the vigorous exercise group exhibited a decline in both NEPA and BT, resulting in body weight gain the following day, despite no observed changes in food intake. Furthermore, vigorous exercise induces a distinct delay in the daily dynamics of NEPA compared with BT. A positive correlation was observed between plasma corticosterone levels and changes in NEPA levels before and after exercise across all exercise groups.
Our findings provide evidence for vigorous exercise-specific reduction in subsequent NEPA, BT, and their synchrony linked to weight gain, likely due to the disturbed circadian rhythm of corticosterone. This is an initial investigation redefining the significance of exercise intensity in beneficial effects beyond the energy expenditure of the exercise itself.
运动有益于身心健康，但它的减肥效果不如人们普遍预期的那么好。虽然这种现象可能是由于运动强度依赖性的非运动性身体活动（NEPA）减少，导致非运动活动产热减少，但运动强度的潜在机制和影响仍不清楚。在这里，我们表明急性剧烈运动与体重增加有关，会降低随后的 NEPA 和体温（BT）。
成年雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠分为三组：久坐、适度运动和剧烈运动，运动组进行 30 分钟的跑步机运动。使用腹膜内植入的活动监测器，在运动前 2 天和运动后 3 天监测 NEPA 和 BT。使用互相关函数评估 NEPA 和 BT 之间的日常同步性。运动后 6 和 24 小时还检测了血浆皮质酮。
值得注意的是，只有剧烈运动组表现出 NEPA 和 BT 均下降，导致第二天体重增加，尽管观察到食物摄入量没有变化。此外，剧烈运动与 BT 相比，会导致 NEPA 的日常动态明显延迟。在所有运动组中，血浆皮质酮水平与运动前后 NEPA 水平的变化之间存在正相关。
我们的研究结果为剧烈运动特异性降低随后的 NEPA、BT 及其与体重增加相关的同步性提供了证据，这可能是由于皮质酮的昼夜节律紊乱所致。这是一项初步研究，重新定义了运动强度在除运动本身的能量消耗之外的有益效果方面的意义。
