Amato Francesco, Spedicato Giorgio A
Int J Prosthodont. 2025 Mar 20;25(2):175-184. doi: 10.11607/ijp.8972.
To evaluate and compare the implant survival rate, marginal bone levels, and prosthesis failure rate of a three-unit fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) supported with three or two implants immediately loaded in the posterior area.
Partially edentulous patients in need of a three-unit implant-supported FDP in the maxillary/mandibular posterior region were recruited and randomly split into two groups: a control group with three-unit FDPs supported by three implants (3I group), and a test group with three-unit FDPs supported by two implants (2I group). Implants were inserted and immediately loaded with a temporary FDP.
In total, 63 patients were included in the study. A total of 178 implants were placed and immediately loaded (128 maxillary and 50 mandibular) to support 74 immediate provisional fixed prostheses (52 maxillary and 22 mandibular) delivered on the same day of implant placement: 30 in 3I group and 44 in 2I group. The comparison of three vs two implants resulted in comparable implant survival rates, marginal bone loss (MBL), and prosthesis failure rates. All implants healed uneventfully with no adverse clinical and radiographic signs or symptoms except for one implant failure in the 3I group resulting in a cumulative success rate of 99.5%-98.9% for the 3I group and 100% for the 2I group-with a follow-up of 6 to 10 years (mean: 7 years). Once loaded, the implants remained in function from a minimum of 6 years to 10 years.
Although more studies and larger sample sizes are needed to validate this study, the results showed no difference between the two groups, demonstrating the potential viability of both clinical options.
评估和比较在后牙区使用三颗或两颗种植体即刻负重支持的三单位固定义齿（FDP）的种植体存留率、边缘骨水平和修复体失败率。
招募上颌/下颌后牙区需要三单位种植体支持的FDP的部分牙列缺损患者，并随机分为两组：对照组为三颗种植体支持的三单位FDP（3I组），试验组为两颗种植体支持的三单位FDP（2I组）。植入种植体并即刻用临时FDP负重。
本研究共纳入63例患者。共植入178颗种植体并即刻负重（上颌128颗，下颌50颗），以支持在种植体植入当天交付的74个即刻临时固定修复体（上颌52个，下颌22个）：3I组30个，2I组44个。三颗种植体与两颗种植体的比较结果显示，种植体存留率、边缘骨丧失（MBL）和修复体失败率相当。所有种植体均顺利愈合，无不良临床和影像学体征或症状，但3I组有一颗种植体失败，随访6至10年（平均7年），3I组的累积成功率为99.5%-98.9%，2I组为100%。一旦负重，种植体至少发挥功能6年至10年。
尽管需要更多研究和更大样本量来验证本研究，但结果显示两组之间无差异，表明两种临床方案均具有潜在可行性。
