Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris F-75018, France; Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, FHU I2-D2, Paris F-75019, France.
Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris F-75018, France; Centre ChronoS, GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, Paris 75014, France.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Jul 1;260:111321. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111321. Epub 2024 May 4.
Cannabis currently stands as the most prevalent illicit substance used by adolescents in France. Its use is associated with an elevated risk of developing psychiatric disorder, affecting neuro-cognitive development, or leading to psycho-social challenges in the long run. Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) have emerged as a preferred approach for treating cannabis use disorders (CUD) in adults.
This review is grounded in a systematic search of the PubMed scientific database for randomized controlled trials focusing on CBT treatment for adolescents (12-18 years old) with CUD.
Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Currently, several variants of CBT-based treatments are available for adolescents, differing in duration based on the intended objectives (ranging from 3 to 24 weeks). These CBT therapies are often complemented by motivational interviewing or family therapy. Only two studies draw comparisons between CBT and alternative therapeutic approaches.
The current scientific literature in this field is limited, and the study designs display heterogeneity. However, abbreviated treatment courses appear to have value, especially within the adolescent population. These courses offer treatment advantages and may enhance treatment adherence among these young patients, who may face challenges in maintaining consistent follow-up. Additionally, involving parents in psychotherapeutic care seems to have a positive impact.
CBT in adolescents with CUD appears to be a promising approach to assist with maintaining abstinence and managing emotions. However, given the diverse study designs found in the literature, conducting research with standardized treatments on larger patient cohorts would be valuable.
大麻目前是法国青少年最常使用的非法物质。长期来看，大麻的使用与发展出精神疾病、影响神经认知发展或导致心理社会挑战的风险增加有关。认知行为疗法（CBT）已成为治疗成人大麻使用障碍（CUD）的首选方法。
本综述基于对 PubMed 科学数据库中针对青少年（12-18 岁）CUD 的 CBT 治疗的随机对照试验进行的系统搜索。
符合纳入标准的有 9 项研究。目前，有几种基于 CBT 的治疗方法可供青少年使用，根据预期目标的不同，治疗时长也不同（从 3 周到 24 周不等）。这些 CBT 疗法通常辅以动机访谈或家庭治疗。只有两项研究比较了 CBT 与其他治疗方法。
该领域的当前科学文献有限，且研究设计存在异质性。然而，缩短治疗疗程似乎具有价值，尤其是在青少年群体中。这些疗程具有治疗优势，并可能提高这些年轻患者的治疗依从性，他们可能面临难以持续随访的挑战。此外，让父母参与心理治疗似乎具有积极影响。
CBT 治疗青少年 CUD 似乎是一种很有前途的方法，可以帮助维持戒断和情绪管理。然而，鉴于文献中发现的各种研究设计，对更大患者群体进行标准化治疗的研究将具有价值。
