Katheng Awutsadaporn, Prawatvatchara Wisarut, Tonprasong Watcharapong, Namano Sahaprom, Kongkon Paweena
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Eur J Dent. 2025 Feb;19(1):154-164. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1786866. Epub 2024 May 17.
This study investigated the effects of different postrinsing times and methods on the surface roughness, surface hardness, and degree of polymerization of materials manufactured via stereolithography (SLA).
A total of 288 disk-shaped specimens were manufactured using an SLA three-dimensional (3D) printer. The specimens were randomly divided into nine groups ( = 32) based on rinsing times and methods. The groups were categorized into three rinsing methods: automated, ultrasonic, and hand washing, with rinsing times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes using a 99% isopropanol alcohol as a solvent. Linear roughness (Ra) and area roughness (Sa) were measured using a 3D confocal laser microscopy; the roughness morphology was evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy. Vickers hardness (VHN) tests were performed using a Vickers microhardness tester. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry was used to determine the degree of conversion of treated specimens.
Data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. The post hoc Tukey tests were conducted to compare the differences between groups ( < 0.05).
The choice of the rinsing time and method affected the surface properties of the SLA photopolymer resin. The 15 minutes of ultrasonic method exhibited the highest Ra scores (0.86 ± 0.1 µm), while the 15 minutes of automated method presented the highest Sa scores (1.77 ± 0.35 µm). For the VHN test, the 15 minutes of ultrasonic method displayed the highest VHN score (18.26 ± 1.03 kgf/mm). For the degree of polymerization, the 15 minutes of automated method was initially identified as the most effective (87.22 ± 6.80).
To facilitate the overall surface roughness, surface hardness, and degree of polymerization, the optimal choice of postprocessing rinsing time and method for achieving a clear photopolymer resin was determined to be the ultrasonic method with a rinsing time of 15 minutes.
本研究调查了不同后冲洗时间和方法对通过立体光刻（SLA）制造的材料的表面粗糙度、表面硬度和聚合度的影响。
使用SLA三维（3D）打印机制造了总共288个圆盘形试样。根据冲洗时间和方法将试样随机分为九组（每组 = 32个）。这些组分为三种冲洗方法：自动冲洗、超声冲洗和手洗，使用99%异丙醇作为溶剂，冲洗时间分别为5、10和15分钟。使用三维共聚焦激光显微镜测量线性粗糙度（Ra）和面积粗糙度（Sa）；通过扫描电子显微镜评估粗糙度形态。使用维氏显微硬度计进行维氏硬度（VHN）测试。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法测定处理后试样的转化率。
使用双向方差分析对数据进行统计分析。进行事后Tukey检验以比较组间差异（P < 0.05）。
冲洗时间和方法的选择影响了SLA光聚合树脂的表面性能。超声冲洗15分钟的方法显示出最高的Ra值（0.86 ± 0.1 µm），而自动冲洗15分钟的方法呈现出最高的Sa值（1.77 ± 0.35 µm）。对于VHN测试，超声冲洗15分钟的方法显示出最高的VHN值（18.26 ± 1.03 kgf/mm²）。对于聚合度，自动冲洗15分钟的方法最初被确定为最有效（87.22 ± 6.80）。
为了改善整体表面粗糙度、表面硬度和聚合度，确定实现清晰光聚合树脂的后处理冲洗时间和方法的最佳选择是超声冲洗15分钟的方法。
