Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
BMJ Open. 2024 May 16;14(5):e083057. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083057.
To estimate the prevalence of neural tube defects among all birth outcomes in Odisha during 2016-2022. Additionally, to estimate the identification rate of neural tube defects during Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan sessions.
A population-based cross-sectional study with a household survey for neural tube defects using pictorial card as well as a hospital-based study for antenatal ultrasonography data.
The sample population was selected through multistage random sampling. In the first stage, one district from each zone was selected randomly. In the second stage, using simple random sampling, one community health centre and one urban primary health centre were selected from each district. In the third stage, the population from a block and ward were picked from the selected rural and urban settings, respectively.
All married women in the reproductive age group (18-49 years) residing in these cluster villages in the selected districts were enrolled.
The study surveyed 49 215 women and recorded 50 196 birth outcomes, including 49 174 live births, 890 stillbirths and 132 medical terminations of pregnancy. A total of 30 neural tube defect cases were detected. The overall prevalence rate of neural tube defect was 0.59 per 1000 birth outcomes. Spina bifida was the most prevalent neural tube defect with the prevalence of, followed by anencephaly and encephalocele. Despite 26 860 mothers receiving antenatal ultrasonography Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan session, data on neural tube defects and other birth defects detected through these scans is unavailable.
This study found a low prevalence of neural tube defect in Odisha, which is far lower compared with the older studies from India. There is an urgent need to strengthen the quality of antenatal care services provided under Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan through better training regarding anomaly scans and better data keeping at public healthcare facilities.
CTRI/2021/06/034487.
估计 2016 年至 2022 年期间奥里萨邦所有出生结局中神经管缺陷的患病率。此外，估计在 Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan 期间神经管缺陷的检出率。
一项基于人群的横断面研究，采用图片卡片进行神经管缺陷的家庭调查，以及一项基于医院的产前超声数据研究。
样本人口通过多阶段随机抽样选择。在第一阶段，随机选择每个区域的一个区。在第二阶段，从每个区采用简单随机抽样选择一个社区卫生中心和一个城市初级保健中心。在第三阶段，从选定的农村和城市环境中分别从街区和选区中抽取人口。
所有居住在这些选定地区集群村的育龄妇女（18-49 岁）都参加了研究。
该研究调查了 49215 名妇女，记录了 50196 例出生结局，包括 49174 例活产、890 例死产和 132 例人工终止妊娠。共发现 30 例神经管缺陷病例。神经管缺陷的总患病率为每 1000 例出生结局 0.59 例。脊柱裂是最常见的神经管缺陷，其次是无脑畸形和脑膨出。尽管有 26860 名母亲接受了产前超声检查 Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan 会议，但通过这些扫描检测到的神经管缺陷和其他出生缺陷的数据尚不可用。
本研究发现奥里萨邦神经管缺陷的患病率较低，远低于印度以前的研究。迫切需要通过更好地培训异常扫描和更好地在公共医疗保健设施中保存数据，加强 Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan 下提供的产前保健服务的质量。
CTRI/2021/06/034487。
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