Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Hear Res. 2024 Jul;448:109031. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109031. Epub 2024 May 13.
In recent studies, psychophysiological measures have been used as markers of listening effort, but there is limited research on the effect of hearing loss on such measures. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of hearing acuity on physiological responses and subjective measures acquired during different levels of listening demand, and to investigate the relationship between these measures. A total of 125 participants (37 males and 88 females, age range 37-72 years, pure-tone average hearing thresholds at the best ear between -5.0 to 68.8 dB HL and asymmetry between ears between 0.0 and 87.5 dB) completed a listening task. A speech reception threshold (SRT) test was used with target sentences spoken by a female voice masked by male speech. Listening demand was manipulated using three levels of intelligibility: 20 % correct speech recognition, 50 %, and 80 % (IL20 %/IL50 %/IL80 %, respectively). During the task, peak pupil dilation (PPD), heart rate (HR), pre-ejection period (PEP), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and skin conductance level (SCL) were measured. For each condition, subjective ratings of effort, performance, difficulty, and tendency to give up were also collected. Linear mixed effects models tested the effect of intelligibility level, hearing acuity, hearing asymmetry, and tinnitus complaints on the physiological reactivity (compared to baseline) and subjective measures. PPD and PEP reactivity showed a non-monotonic relationship with intelligibility level, but no such effects were found for HR, RSA, or SCL reactivity. Participants with worse hearing acuity had lower PPD at all intelligibility levels and showed lower PEP baseline levels. Additionally, PPD and SCL reactivity were lower for participants who reported suffering from tinnitus complaints. For IL80 %, but not IL50 % or IL20 %, participants with worse hearing acuity rated their listening effort to be relatively high compared to participants with better hearing. The reactivity of the different physiological measures were not or only weakly correlated with each other. Together, the results suggest that hearing acuity may be associated with altered sympathetic nervous system (re)activity. Research using psychophysiological measures as markers of listening effort to study the effect of hearing acuity on such measures are best served by the use of the PPD and PEP.
在最近的研究中，心理生理测量已被用作听力努力的指标，但关于听力损失对这些测量的影响的研究有限。本研究旨在调查听力敏锐度对不同听力需求水平下获得的生理反应和主观测量的影响，并研究这些测量之间的关系。共有 125 名参与者（37 名男性和 88 名女性，年龄在 37-72 岁之间，最佳耳纯音平均听阈在-5.0 至 68.8dBHL 之间，双耳之间的不对称性在 0.0 至 87.5dB 之间）完成了听力任务。使用女性声音的句子进行言语接受阈（SRT）测试，该句子被男性语音掩蔽。使用三种可理解性水平（20%正确语音识别、50%和 80%（IL20%/IL50%/IL80%，分别）来操纵听力需求。在任务期间，测量了瞳孔扩张峰值（PPD）、心率（HR）、射血前期（PEP）、呼吸窦性心律失常（RSA）和皮肤电导水平（SCL）。对于每种情况，还收集了努力、表现、难度和放弃倾向的主观评分。线性混合效应模型测试了可理解性水平、听力敏锐度、听力不对称和耳鸣抱怨对生理反应（与基线相比）和主观测量的影响。PPD 和 PEP 反应与可理解性水平呈非单调关系，但 HR、RSA 或 SCL 反应没有这种关系。听力敏锐度较差的参与者在所有可理解性水平下的 PPD 较低，且 PEP 基线水平较低。此外，有耳鸣抱怨的参与者的 PPD 和 SCL 反应较低。对于 IL80%，但不是 IL50%或 IL20%，听力较差的参与者与听力较好的参与者相比，他们认为自己的听力努力相对较高。不同生理测量的反应性彼此之间没有关联或只有弱关联。总之，结果表明听力敏锐度可能与交感神经系统（再）反应性改变有关。使用心理生理测量作为听力努力的指标来研究听力敏锐度对这些测量的影响的研究最好使用 PPD 和 PEP。
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