College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315212, Zhejiang, China.
Energy Centre, Department of Economics, Business School, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Environ Res. 2024 Aug 15;255:119108. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119108. Epub 2024 May 16.
Addressing natural resource dependence is integral to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by promoting economic diversification, environmental sustainability, and climate resilience. This study explores the effect of natural resource dependence on green development by adopting the balanced panel dataset from the "Belt and Road" countries from 2005 to 2019. Notably, the novelty of our analysis lies in the empirical analysis using instrument-based techniques that consolidate the "green development curse hypothesis" in the Belt and Road countries. The mechanism analysis reveals that natural resource dependence curbs green development by weakening innovative capability, disturbing institutional quality, reducing population density, and crowding out human capital. Further, the dynamic panel threshold model handling endogeneity verifies the nonlinear relationship between natural resource dependence and green development. Interestingly, digital trade offers greater "resilience" than traditional trade, correcting the resource curse dilemma. Finally, heterogeneity analyses indicate that the green development curse hypothesis only exists in countries with high-level environmental regulations and resource-based countries.
解决自然资源依赖问题对于通过促进经济多样化、环境可持续性和气候弹性来实现可持续发展目标至关重要。本研究通过采用 2005 年至 2019 年“一带一路”国家的平衡面板数据集，探讨了自然资源依赖对绿色发展的影响。值得注意的是，我们的分析新颖之处在于使用基于工具的技术进行实证分析，这些技术在“一带一路”国家中整合了“绿色发展诅咒假说”。机制分析表明，自然资源依赖通过削弱创新能力、扰乱制度质量、降低人口密度和挤出人力资本，抑制了绿色发展。此外，处理内生性的动态面板门槛模型验证了自然资源依赖与绿色发展之间的非线性关系。有趣的是，数字贸易比传统贸易提供了更大的“弹性”，纠正了资源诅咒的困境。最后，异质性分析表明，绿色发展诅咒假说仅存在于环境法规水平高的国家和资源型国家。
