杭州市输入性病例中不同 SARS-CoV-2 株基因突变与病毒 RNA 阴转时间的关系：一项横断面研究。
Associations between genetic mutations in different SARS-CoV-2 strains and negative conversion time of viral RNA among imported cases in Hangzhou: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310023, China.
Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
出版信息
Virus Res. 2024 Jul;345:199400. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199400. Epub 2024 May 20.
PURPOSE
Previous studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have focused on factors that influence the achievement of negative conversion of viral RNA. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the genetic mutations in different SARS-CoV-2 strains on the negative conversion time (NCT) among imported cases in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, in order to provide valuable insights for developing targeted epidemic prevention guidelines.
METHODS
This retrospective study involved 146 imported SARS-CoV-2 cases in Hangzhou from 8 April 2021 to 11 June 2022. We compared the SARS-CoV-2-specific indicators, clinical indexes, and NCT among the wild-type (WT), Delta, and Omicron groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to identify the correlations of NCT with mutation types/frequencies.
RESULTS
The mean age of the imported cases was 35.3 (SD: 12.3) years, with 71.92 % males and 28.08 % females. The mean cycle threshold (Ct) values of open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) and nucleocapsid (N) RNA were 25.17 (SD: 6.44) and 23.4 (SD: 6.76), respectively. The mutations of SARS-CoV-2 strains were mainly located in N, membrane (M), spike (S), ORF1a, ORF1b, ORF3a, ORF6, and ORF9b genes among the WT, Delta, and Omicron groups. NCT was significantly prolonged in the WT and Delta groups compared to the Omicron group. T lymphocyte, white blood cell, eosinophil, and basophil counts were dramatically higher in the WT group than the Delta group. White blood cell, red blood cell, and basophil counts were significantly lower in the Delta group than the Omicron group. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between the NCT of viral RNA and mutation types of viral genes of WT and Omicron strains. Additionally, NCT was markedly negatively correlated with the frequencies of five mutations in Omicron strains (ORF1b:P1223L, ORF1b:R1315C, ORF1b:T2163I, ORF3a:T223I, and ORF6:D61L).
CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that five mutations in Omicron strains (ORF1b:P1223L/R1315C/T2163I, ORF3a:T223I and ORF6:D61L) shortened NCT in imported SARS-CoV-2 cases.
目的
先前关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的研究集中在影响病毒 RNA 阴转时间（NCT）的因素上。本研究旨在探讨不同 SARS-CoV-2 株的基因突变对中国浙江省杭州市输入性病例 NCT 的影响，为制定有针对性的疫情防控指南提供有价值的参考。
方法
本回顾性研究纳入 2021 年 4 月 8 日至 2022 年 6 月 11 日期间杭州市的 146 例输入性 SARS-CoV-2 病例。我们比较了野生型（WT）、Delta 和奥密克戎组的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性指标、临床指标和 NCT。采用 Spearman 相关分析确定 NCT 与突变类型/频率的相关性。
结果
输入性病例的平均年龄为 35.3（SD：12.3）岁，男性占 71.92%，女性占 28.08%。ORF1ab 和核衣壳（N）RNA 的平均循环阈值（Ct）值分别为 25.17（SD：6.44）和 23.4（SD：6.76）。SARS-CoV-2 株的突变主要位于 WT、Delta 和奥密克戎组的 N、膜（M）、刺突（S）、ORF1a、ORF1b、ORF3a、ORF6 和 ORF9b 基因。WT 和 Delta 组的 NCT 明显长于奥密克戎组。与 Delta 组相比，WT 组的 T 淋巴细胞、白细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞计数明显升高。与奥密克戎组相比，Delta 组的白细胞、红细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞计数明显降低。Spearman 相关分析显示，WT 和奥密克戎株病毒基因的 NCT 与病毒基因的突变类型之间存在显著相关性。此外，奥密克戎株的五个突变（ORF1b：P1223L、ORF1b：R1315C、ORF1b：T2163I、ORF3a：T223I 和 ORF6：D61L）与 NCT 呈显著负相关。
结论
本研究表明，奥密克戎株的五个突变（ORF1b：P1223L/R1315C/T2163I、ORF3a：T223I 和 ORF6：D61L）缩短了输入性 SARS-CoV-2 病例的 NCT。
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