Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Oct 5;332:118357. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118357. Epub 2024 May 17.
Chuanminshen violaceum M. L. Sheh & R. H. Shan (CV) is used as a medicine with roots, which have the effects of benefiting the lungs, harmonizing the stomach, resolving phlegm and detoxifying. Polysaccharide is one of its main active components and has various pharmacological activities, but the structural characterization and pharmacological activities of polysaccharide from the stems and leaves parts of CV are still unclear.
The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal extraction conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from CV stems and leaves, and to carry out preliminary structural analyses, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the obtained polysaccharide and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
The ultrasonic-assisted extraction of CV stems and leaves polysaccharides was carried out, and the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process to obtain CV polysaccharides (CVP) under the optimal conditions. Subsequently, we isolated and purified CVP to obtain the homogeneous polysaccharide CVP-AP-I, and evaluated the composition, molecular weight, and structural features of CVP-AP-I using a variety of technical methods. Finally, we tested the pharmacological activity of CVP-AP-Ⅰ in an LPS-induced model of oxidative stress and inflammation in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and explored its possible mechanism of action.
The crude polysaccharide was obtained under optimal extraction conditions and subsequently isolated and purified to obtain CVP-AP-Ⅰ (35.34 kDa), and the structural characterization indicated that CVP-AP-Ⅰ was mainly composed of galactose, galactose, rhamnose and glucose, which was a typical pectic polysaccharide. In addition, CVP-AP-Ⅰ attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factor genes and proteins and up-regulating the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes and proteins in IPEC-J2, by a mechanism related to the activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
The results of this study suggest that the polysaccharide isolated from CV stems and leaves was a pectic polysaccharide with similar pharmacological activities as CV roots, exhibiting strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting that CV stems and leaves could possess the same traditional efficacy as CV roots, which is expected to be used in the treatment of intestinal diseases.
川明参（CV）的根被用作一种具有润肺、和胃、化痰、解毒功效的药物。多糖是其主要活性成分之一，具有多种药理活性，但 CV 茎叶部分多糖的结构特征和药理活性仍不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨超声辅助提取 CV 茎叶多糖的最佳提取条件，并对所获得的多糖进行初步的结构分析、抗炎和抗氧化作用，阐明其作用机制。
进行了 CV 茎叶多糖的超声辅助提取，采用响应面法（RSM）优化提取工艺，在最佳条件下得到 CV 多糖（CVP）。随后，我们分离纯化 CVP 得到均一多糖 CVP-AP-I，并采用多种技术方法对 CVP-AP-I 的组成、分子量和结构特征进行了评价。最后，我们在 LPS 诱导的猪肠上皮细胞（IPEC-J2）氧化应激和炎症模型中测试了 CVP-AP-Ⅰ的药理活性，并探讨了其可能的作用机制。
在最佳提取条件下获得粗多糖，随后分离纯化得到 CVP-AP-Ⅰ（35.34 kDa），结构特征表明 CVP-AP-Ⅰ主要由半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、鼠李糖和葡萄糖组成，是一种典型的果胶多糖。此外，CVP-AP-Ⅰ通过抑制 LPS 诱导的 IPEC-J2 中促炎因子基因和蛋白的表达，上调抗氧化酶相关基因和蛋白的表达，从而减轻炎症和氧化应激，其机制与 Nrf2/Keap1 信号通路的激活有关。
本研究结果表明，从 CV 茎叶中分离得到的多糖为果胶多糖，具有与 CV 根相似的药理活性，表现出较强的抗炎和抗氧化活性，提示 CV 茎叶可能具有与 CV 根相同的传统功效，有望用于治疗肠道疾病。
