Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, CPBG, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India.
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India.
Plant Sci. 2024 Sep;346:112129. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112129. Epub 2024 May 17.
Haplotype-based breeding (HBB) is one of the cutting-edge technologies in the realm of crop improvement due to the increasing availability of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms identified by Next Generation Sequencing technologies. The complexity of the data can be decreased with fewer statistical tests and a lower probability of spurious associations by combining thousands of SNPs into a few hundred haplotype blocks. The presence of strong genomic regions in breeding lines of most crop species facilitates the use of haplotypes to improve the efficiency of genomic and marker-assisted selection. Haplotype-based breeding as a Genomic Assisted Breeding (GAB) approach harnesses the genome sequence data to pinpoint the allelic variation used to hasten the breeding cycle and circumvent the challenges associated with linkage drag. This review article demonstrates ways to identify candidate genes, superior haplotype identification, haplo-pheno analysis, and haplotype-based marker-assisted selection. The crop improvement strategies that utilize superior haplotypes will hasten the breeding progress to safeguard global food security.
基于单倍型的育种（HBB）是作物改良领域的前沿技术之一，因为通过下一代测序技术鉴定的单核苷酸多态性的可用性越来越高。通过将数千个 SNP 组合成几百个单倍型块，可以减少数据的复杂性，并降低假关联的概率，从而减少统计检验的数量。在大多数作物物种的育种系中存在强基因组区域，这有利于利用单倍型来提高基因组和标记辅助选择的效率。基于单倍型的育种作为基因组辅助育种（GAB）方法利用基因组序列数据来确定用于加速育种周期和规避与连锁拖曳相关的挑战的等位基因变异。本文综述了鉴定候选基因、鉴定优良单倍型、单倍型表型分析和基于单倍型的标记辅助选择的方法。利用优良单倍型的作物改良策略将加速育种进程，以保障全球粮食安全。
