Section of Ecology and Taxonomy, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavissos Attica, Greece.
Integr Zool. 2024 Sep;19(5):846-862. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12833. Epub 2024 May 19.
The genus Pseudamnicola Paulucci, 1878, is commonly found throughout the Mediterranean region. The genus displays considerable levels of endemism, accompanied by notable systematic and taxonomic ambiguity. However, the application of molecular data has proven highly effective in clarifying taxonomy and unveiling the diversity of cryptic species within the genus. Therefore, we employed all cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequence data available and generated new ones from Greece to infer the phylogeny of the genus throughout its Mediterranean range and estimate the divergence times as well as the ancestral area of diversification. Our phylogenetic and time-estimate analyses demonstrate that with 36 to 38 extant Pseudamnicola species and genetic divergences across species ranging from 0.5% to 11.9% on average, the genus underwent relatively recent diversification during late Miocene (6.53 Ma), and the primary speciation events occurred during Plio-Pleistocene. The Italian Peninsula and Islands and the Ionian Drainages as defined by the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World are the ancestral regions of the genus following two different dispersal routes. Our study contributes to deepening our understanding of Pseudamnicola phylogeny by using data from throughout its range for the first time. This phylogeny provides evidence and confirms previous studies that relatively recent habitat isolation, followed by founder and dispersal events, has been one of the primary reasons for the evolution of the genus Pseudamnicola in the Mediterranean basin.
假单唇鱼属（Pseudamnicola Paulucci, 1878）广泛分布于地中海地区。该属具有相当高的特有性水平，同时伴随着显著的系统和分类学上的模糊性。然而，分子数据的应用已被证明在阐明分类和揭示该属内隐种多样性方面非常有效。因此，我们利用了所有可用的细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 I 序列数据，并从希腊生成了新的数据，以推断整个地中海范围内该属的系统发育，并估计分歧时间和多样化的祖先区域。我们的系统发育和时间估计分析表明，假单唇鱼属拥有 36 到 38 个现存物种，种间遗传差异平均为 0.5%到 11.9%，该属在中新世晚期（6.53 万年前）经历了相对较近的多样化，主要的物种形成事件发生在上新世-更新世。意大利半岛和岛屿以及根据世界淡水生态区划分的爱奥尼亚流域是该属的祖先区域，通过两种不同的扩散途径形成。我们的研究首次利用该属分布范围内的数据，为深入了解假单唇鱼属的系统发育做出了贡献。该系统发育为相对近期的栖息地隔离以及随后的奠基者和扩散事件是该属在地中海盆地进化的主要原因之一提供了证据，并证实了之前的研究。
