Ahmad Musbahu Adam, Sumarsih Sri, Chang Jia-Yaw, Fahmi Mochamad Zakki
Department of Chemistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
ACS Omega. 2024 May 2;9(19):20720-20727. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01674. eCollection 2024 May 14.
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are nanomaterials with ubiquitous applications in health for diagnosis and treatments. The key to enhancing the applications of carbon nanodots in various fields lies on how deep its structure is understood. Here, we review the mass spectroscopy (MS) techniques employed for carbon nanodot analysis. We aimed to revive the use of MS to support the structural elucidation of carbon nanodots. General techniques used in nanomaterials characterization include laser desorption/ionization (LDI), matrix-assisted LDI (MALDI), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS. For CNDs characterization, LDI-MS, MALDI-MS, and ESI-MS were employed. The techniques required further instrumentations of time-of-flight (TOF), for MALDI, and TOF, quadrupole (Q), and tandem (MS/MS) for ESI. LDI-MS could be applied to prove the surface and core structural composition of carbon nanodots. Meanwhile, MALDI-MS was used to elucidate the surface structures of CNDs. Finally, ESI-MS could provide significant insight into the carbon nanodots' structural composition and bonding patterns. In summary, MS could be combined with other techniques to unambiguously elucidate the structure of carbon nanodots.
碳纳米点（CNDs）是一类在健康诊断和治疗领域有着广泛应用的纳米材料。增强碳纳米点在各个领域应用的关键在于对其结构的理解深度。在此，我们综述了用于碳纳米点分析的质谱（MS）技术。我们旨在复兴质谱技术的应用，以支持对碳纳米点结构的阐释。纳米材料表征中常用的技术包括激光解吸/电离（LDI）、基质辅助激光解吸/电离（MALDI）、电感耦合等离子体（ICP）和电喷雾电离（ESI）质谱。对于碳纳米点的表征，采用了LDI-MS、MALDI-MS和ESI-MS。这些技术对于MALDI需要进一步配备飞行时间（TOF）仪器，对于ESI需要配备飞行时间、四极杆（Q）和串联（MS/MS）仪器。LDI-MS可用于证明碳纳米点的表面和核心结构组成。同时，MALDI-MS用于阐明碳纳米点的表面结构。最后，ESI-MS能够深入了解碳纳米点的结构组成和键合模式。总之，质谱可与其他技术相结合，以明确阐释碳纳米点的结构。
