Xu Pan, Ling Shan-Shan, Hu E, Yi Bi-Xia
Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
World J Clin Cases. 2024 May 16;12(14):2396-2403. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i14.2396.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the vagina in postmenopausal women is an extremely rare malignant tumor that was originally described as a unique group of soft tissue sarcomas originating from primitive mesenchymal cells. It was first reported in postmenopausal women in 1970, and fewer than 50 postmenopausal patients have been reported to date.
A 68-year-old multiparous female was admitted to the hospital on October 11, 2023, with the chief complaint of a mass causing vaginal prolapse with incomplete urination that had persisted for 4 months. The vaginal mass was approximately the size of a pigeon egg; after lying down, the vaginal mass retracted. Complete resection was performed, and vaginal pleomorphic RMS was diagnosed based on pathology and immunohistochemical staining features. The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy. The present study also reviewed the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features and latest treatment recommendations for vaginal RMS. Any abnormal vaginal mass should be promptly investigated through pelvic examination and appropriate imaging. The current initial treatment for vaginal RMS is biopsy and primary chemotherapy.
When surgery is planned for vaginal RMS, an organ-preserving approach should be considered.
绝经后女性阴道横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）是一种极其罕见的恶性肿瘤，最初被描述为起源于原始间充质细胞的一组独特的软组织肉瘤。1970年首次报道于绝经后女性，迄今为止报道的绝经后患者少于50例。
一名68岁多产女性于2023年10月11日入院，主诉有一肿物导致阴道脱垂伴排尿不全，持续4个月。阴道肿物约鸽蛋大小；躺下后，阴道肿物可回缩。进行了完整切除，根据病理和免疫组化染色特征诊断为阴道多形性RMS。患者目前正在接受化疗。本研究还回顾了阴道RMS的临床、组织学和免疫组化特征以及最新治疗建议。任何异常的阴道肿物都应通过盆腔检查和适当的影像学检查及时进行评估。目前阴道RMS的初始治疗是活检和一线化疗。
当计划对阴道RMS进行手术时，应考虑保留器官的方法。
