Department of Environmental Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, 1398 West Truck Road, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2024 Aug 17;53(4):532-543. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvae047.
Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), has caused extensive mortality of ash across North America. Biological control offers a potential long-term management option, allowing for long-term survival of ash. Careful monitoring of populations of biocontrol agents is necessary to understand their relative impacts. Understanding the emergence and flight phenology of these species allows for the optimization of monitoring schemes and improves our understanding of host-parasitoid interactions. We used yellow pan trapping data to assess the adult phenology of both EAB and its associated native and introduced parasitoids in 3 New York counties. We monitored 2 introduced larval biocontrol agents, Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac (Braconidae), for 3-4 years post-release, as well as the native parasitoid Phasgonophora sulcata Westword (Chalcididae). Results indicate a single discrete emergence event for both EAB and P. sulcata in all monitored counties, which is consistent with previously reported results. Our results also suggest there are 4 generations per year of T. planipennisi and 3 generations of S. galinae in the monitored counties. We recorded an additional generation of T. planipennisi that had not previously been reported in New York, and both T. planipennisi and S. galinae appeared to emerge earlier than previously documented.
翡翠灰螟（EAB），扁胸金花虫（Coleoptera：Buprestidae），已导致北美各地的灰树大量死亡。生物防治为长期管理提供了一种潜在的选择，使灰树得以长期生存。对生物防治剂种群进行仔细监测对于了解其相对影响是必要的。了解这些物种的出现和飞行物候学可以优化监测计划，并加深我们对寄主-寄生关系的理解。我们使用黄色盘式诱捕数据评估了 3 个纽约县的 EAB 及其相关的本地和引入的寄生蜂成虫物候学。我们监测了 2 种引入的幼虫生物防治剂，Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang（膜翅目：Eulophidae）和 Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac（Braconidae），在释放后 3-4 年，以及本地寄生蜂 Phasgonophora sulcata Westword（Chalcididae）。结果表明，所有监测县的 EAB 和 P. sulcata 都有单一的离散出现事件，这与之前的报道结果一致。我们的结果还表明，在监测的县中，T. planipennisi 每年有 4 代，S. galinae 有 3 代。我们记录到了 T. planipennisi 的另一代，此前在纽约尚未报道过，而且 T. planipennisi 和 S. galinae 的出现时间似乎比以前记录的更早。
