School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Nat Rev Urol. 2024 Dec;21(12):723-734. doi: 10.1038/s41585-024-00885-9. Epub 2024 May 20.
Preclinical modelling is a crucial component of advancing the understanding of cancer biology and therapeutic development. Several models exist for understanding the pathobiology of bladder cancer and evaluating therapeutics. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN)-induced bladder cancer is a commonly used model that recapitulates many of the features of human disease. Particularly in mice, BBN is a preferred laboratory model owing to a high level of reproducibility, high genetic fidelity to the human condition, and its relative ease of use. However, important aspects of the model are often overlooked in laboratory studies. Moreover, the advent of new models has yielded a variety of methodologies that complement the use of BBN. Toxicokinetics, histopathology, molecular genetics and sex can differ between available models and are important factors to consider in bladder cancer modelling.
临床前模型是推进癌症生物学和治疗开发理解的关键组成部分。有几种模型可用于了解膀胱癌的病理生物学和评估治疗方法。N-丁基-N-(4-羟丁基)-亚硝胺(BBN)诱导的膀胱癌是一种常用的模型，可重现许多人类疾病的特征。特别是在小鼠中，BBN 是首选的实验室模型，因为其具有高度的可重复性、对人类疾病的高遗传保真度以及相对易用性。然而，该模型的重要方面在实验室研究中经常被忽视。此外，新模型的出现产生了各种方法，补充了 BBN 的使用。毒代动力学、组织病理学、分子遗传学和性别在可用模型之间可能存在差异，是膀胱癌建模中需要考虑的重要因素。
