美国奶山羊繁殖性状和体细胞评分的遗传参数。

Genetic parameters for reproductive traits and somatic cell score in U.S. dairy goats.

机构信息

División de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.

Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., México.

出版信息

Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 May 21;56(5):170. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04001-2.

DOI:10.1007/s11250-024-04001-2

PMID:38769239

Abstract

There are no studies regarding the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends for reproductive traits and somatic cells in goats. Their knowledge allows optimization of selection schemes. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic and phenotypic trends for age at first kidding (AFK), kidding interval (KIN) and somatic cell score (SCS). Analyses were conducted within and across seven US goat breeds, namely, Nubian (NU), Alpine (AL), LaMancha (LM), Toggenburg (TO), Saanen (SA), Nigerian Dwarf (ND) and Oberhasli (OB), and a set of all of these breeds (AB). The restricted maximum likelihood methodology and trivariate animal models were used. Genetic and phenotypic trends were estimated using regression models. The average and standard deviation of AFK, KIN and SCS for AB were 573.6 ± 178.5 days, 418.8 ± 125.5 days and 4.67 ± 2.23 Log2, respectively. The heritabilities (h) and standard errors of AFK, KIN and SCS for AB were 0.28 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.02 and 0.22 ± 0.01, respectively. The h ranged from 0.15 (SA) to 0.37 (NU) for AFK, from 0.04 (AB) to 0.10 (AL) for KIN, and from 0.11 (TO) to 0.26 (LM and ND) for SCS. Genetic correlations between AFK and KIN and between AFK and SCS for AB were positive and weak (0.07 and 0.12, respectively) but significant (P < 0.01). Genetic correlations between SCS and KIN were significant (P < 0.01) for all the breeds and ranged from -0.15 (NU) to 0.44 (AL). Genetic correlations between AFK and SCS in the NU and AL breeds were similar (approximately 0.21). A positive genetic trend was found for KIN in the SA breed, which caused an increase in the number of days between consecutive kiddings. The genetic trend of SCS for the NU, AL and ND breeds was negative and decreased annually, which is beneficial for producers. These first results show the intensity and direction of some favorable/unfavorable relationships between AFK or KIN and SCS Log2 in some U.S. goat genetic groups.

摘要

目前尚无关于估计山羊繁殖性状和体细胞遗传参数和遗传趋势的研究。了解这些知识可以优化选择方案。本研究的目的是估计初产年龄（AFK）、产羔间隔（KIN）和体细胞评分（SCS）的遗传参数以及遗传和表型趋势。在 7 个美国山羊品种（努比亚山羊、阿尔卑斯山羊、拉曼查山羊、托根堡山羊、萨能山羊、尼加拉瓜 dwarf 山羊和奥伯豪森山羊）和所有这些品种的集合（AB）内和跨品种进行了分析。使用限制最大似然法和三变量动物模型。使用回归模型估计遗传和表型趋势。AB 的平均和标准差的 AFK、KIN 和 SCS 分别为 573.6±178.5 天、418.8±125.5 天和 4.67±2.23 Log2。AB 的 AFK、KIN 和 SCS 的遗传力（h）和标准误差分别为 0.28±0.02、0.04±0.02 和 0.22±0.01。AFK 的 h 范围从 0.15（萨能山羊）到 0.37（努比亚山羊），KIN 的 h 范围从 0.04（AB）到 0.10（阿尔卑斯山羊），SCS 的 h 范围从 0.11（托根堡山羊）到 0.26（拉曼查山羊和尼加拉瓜 dwarf 山羊）。AB 的 AFK 和 KIN 之间以及 AFK 和 SCS 之间的遗传相关性为正且较弱（分别为 0.07 和 0.12），但具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。所有品种的 SCS 和 KIN 之间的遗传相关性均具有统计学意义（P<0.01），范围从-0.15（努比亚山羊）到 0.44（阿尔卑斯山羊）。努比亚山羊和阿尔卑斯山羊品种的 AFK 和 SCS 之间的遗传相关性相似（约为 0.21）。在萨能山羊品种中发现了 KIN 的正向遗传趋势，这导致了连续产羔之间天数的增加。努比亚山羊、阿尔卑斯山羊和尼加拉瓜 dwarf 山羊品种的 SCS 的遗传趋势为负，每年减少，这对生产者有利。这些初步结果表明了在某些美国山羊遗传群体中，AFK 或 KIN 和 SCS Log2 之间的一些有利/不利关系的强度和方向。