Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, and Wadham College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Adolesc. 2024 Aug;96(6):1304-1315. doi: 10.1002/jad.12347. Epub 2024 May 20.
Adolescents exposed to adversity show higher levels of depression and anxiety, with the strongest links seen in socially/societally disadvantaged individuals (e.g., females, low socioeconomic status [SES]), as well as neurodivergent individuals. The intersection of these characteristics may be important for the differential distribution of adversity and mental health problems, though limited findings pertain to the extent to which intersectional effects moderate this association.
Combined depression/anxiety symptoms were measured using the emotional problems subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in 13-14-year-olds in Cornwall, United Kingdom in 2017-2019. In a cross-sectional design (N = 11,707), multiple group structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effects of youth adversity on depression/anxiety symptoms across eight intersectionality profiles (based on gender [female/male], SES [lower/higher], and traits of hyperactivity/inattention [high/low]). Moderation effects of these characteristics and their intersections were estimated.
Youth adversity was associated with higher levels of depression/anxiety (compared to an absence of youth adversity), across intersectional profiles. This effect was moderated by gender (stronger in males; β = 0.22 [0.11, 0.36]), and SES (stronger in higher SES; β = 0.26 [0.14,0.40]); with indications of moderation attributable to the intersection between gender and hyperactivity/inattention (β = 0.21 [-0.02,0.44]).
Youth adversity is associated with heightened depression/anxiety across intersectional profiles in 13-14-year-olds. The stronger effects observed for males, and for higher SES, may be interpreted in terms of structural privilege. Preliminary findings suggest that vulnerability and resilience to the effects of youth adversity may partially depend on specific intersectional effects. Importantly, the current results invite further investigation in this emerging line of inquiry.
经历逆境的青少年表现出更高水平的抑郁和焦虑，其中在社会经济地位较低的个体（例如女性、低社会经济地位）以及神经多样性个体中，这种关联最为强烈。这些特征的交集可能对逆境和心理健康问题的差异分布很重要，尽管关于交叉效应在多大程度上调节这种关联的有限发现与交集有关。
2017-2019 年，在英国康沃尔的 13-14 岁青少年中，使用《长处和困难问卷》的情绪问题子量表测量了合并的抑郁/焦虑症状。在横断面设计中（N=11707），使用多组结构方程模型估计了青年逆境对抑郁/焦虑症状的影响，跨越了八个交叉特征（基于性别[女性/男性]、社会经济地位[较低/较高]和多动/注意力不集中的特征[高/低]）。估计了这些特征及其交叉的调节作用。
青年逆境与抑郁/焦虑水平较高相关（与青年逆境不存在相比），跨越了交叉特征。这种影响受到性别（男性更强；β=0.22[0.11，0.36]）和社会经济地位（较高社会经济地位更强；β=0.26[0.14，0.40]）的调节；性别和多动/注意力不集中的交叉存在调节的迹象（β=0.21[-0.02，0.44]）。
青年逆境与 13-14 岁青少年的交叉特征中抑郁/焦虑水平升高有关。对于男性和较高社会经济地位的观察到的更强影响，可以从结构性特权的角度来解释。初步发现表明，对青年逆境影响的脆弱性和弹性可能部分取决于特定的交叉效应。重要的是，目前的结果邀请了在这一新兴研究领域的进一步调查。
