René Charlotte A, Parks Robin J
Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2024 Apr 26;32(2):101259. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101259. eCollection 2024 Jun 13.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the innate ability to carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cells, and thus these vesicles have gained much attention as potential therapeutic delivery vehicles. Many strategies have been explored to enhance the loading of specific cargoes of interest into EVs, which could result in the delivery of more therapeutic to recipient cells, thus enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss the natural biogenesis of EVs, the mechanism by which proteins and nucleic acids are selected for inclusion in EVs, and novel methods that have been employed to enhance loading of specific cargoes into EVs. As well, we discuss biodistribution of administered EVs and summarize clinical trials that have attempted to harness the therapeutic potential of EVs.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）具有在细胞间运载蛋白质、脂质和核酸的固有能力，因此，这些囊泡作为潜在的治疗性递送载体备受关注。人们已经探索了许多策略来增强将特定目标货物装载到细胞外囊泡中，这可能会导致更多治疗药物递送至受体细胞，从而提高治疗效果。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细胞外囊泡的自然生物发生过程、蛋白质和核酸被选择纳入细胞外囊泡的机制，以及用于增强将特定货物装载到细胞外囊泡中的新方法。此外，我们还讨论了所施用细胞外囊泡的生物分布，并总结了试图利用细胞外囊泡治疗潜力的临床试验。
