Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 targeted siRNA promotes wound healing in type 2 diabetic mice by restoring glucose homeostasis.

It is well-accepted that the liver plays a vital role in the metabolism of glucose and its homeostasis. Dysregulated hepatic glucose production and utilization, leads to type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In the current study, RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis of nanoformulation-treated T2DM mice (TG group) revealed beneficial crosstalk of PCK-1 silencing with other pathways involved in T2DM. The comparison of precise genetic expression profiles of the different experimental groups showed significantly improved hepatic glucose, fatty acid metabolism and several other T2DM-associated crucial markers after the nanoformulation treatment. As a result of these improvements, we observed a significant acceleration in wound healing and improved insulin signaling in vascular endothelial cells in the TG group as compared to the T2DM group. Enhanced phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins in the TG group resulted in increased angiogenesis as observed by the increased expression of endothelial cell markers (CD31, CD34) thereby improving endothelial dysfunctions in the TG group. Additionally, therapeutic nanoformulation has been observed to improve the inflammatory cytokine profile in the TG group. Overall, our results demonstrated that the synthesized therapeutic nanoformulation referred to as GPR8:PCK-1 holds the potential in ameliorating hyperglycemia-associated complications such as delayed wound healing in diabetes.