Zha Feng, Zhu Xiaojun, Guo Guangli, Liu Hui, Zhang Pengfei, Yang Xiaoyu
Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
School of Environment Science and Spatial Information, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May;31(25):37283-37297. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33715-x. Epub 2024 May 21.
The dynamic subsidence disaster caused by underground mining of coal resources is a complex spatiotemporal process, which is a common disaster in mining areas. The backfilling strip mining technology is a green and sustainable coal mining method, which has been commonly used to reduce the subsidence disaster of the overlying strata and protect surface buildings. The transient deformation is the main reason of surface buildings damage; therefore, in this study, the similar material model was used to research dynamic deformation characteristics of the overlying strata in backfilling strip mining at different time scales, and the optical image method was employed to monitor and obtain the movement data of the overlying strata automatically. The data analysis shows that there is a time-scale effect in mining subsidence. The deformation of the overlying strata increases instantaneously at a certain time under the monitoring of small time scale, and this phenomenon gradually disappears as time scales increase. According to the subsidence velocity of small time scale, the subsidence state of the overlying strata can be further divided into the abrupt subsidence state and the gentle subsidence state. This is really significant for promoting the development of the backfilling strip mining technology and preventing the damage of surface buildings.
煤炭资源地下开采引发的动态地表沉陷灾害是一个复杂的时空过程，是矿区常见的灾害。充填条带开采技术是一种绿色可持续的采煤方法，已被广泛用于减少覆岩沉陷灾害和保护地表建筑物。瞬态变形是地表建筑物受损的主要原因；因此，本研究采用相似材料模型研究不同时间尺度下充填条带开采覆岩的动态变形特征，并采用光学图像法自动监测获取覆岩的移动数据。数据分析表明，开采沉陷存在时间尺度效应。在小时间尺度监测下，覆岩变形在某一时刻瞬间增大，随着时间尺度增大这一现象逐渐消失。根据小时间尺度下的沉陷速度，覆岩的沉陷状态可进一步分为急剧沉陷状态和缓慢沉陷状态。这对于推动充填条带开采技术发展和防止地表建筑物受损具有重要意义。
