Mieriņa Inta, Šūpule Inese
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Front Sociol. 2024 May 7;9:1290629. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1290629. eCollection 2024.
Contact restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to the rapid expansion of remote work. With this expansion, new opportunities arise for the typical migrant-sending countries in Central and Eastern Europe to remotely involve their diaspora in their labor market. The aim of this paper is, by using the case study of Latvia, to show the potential of cross-border remote work for alleviating human capital losses caused by emigration. We assess the main obstacles and necessary adjustments in taxes, social benefits, labor market regulation and other areas to facilitate the labor market transition and show what incentives the country can use to become a place of choice for performing remote work for the diaspora. Combining the perspectives of employers, employees and the government, this study sheds new light on the challenges and opportunities related to the rise of remote work for countries suffering from emigration. The comprehensive analysis builds on triangulating secondary data, analysis of policy documents, a survey of employers, as well as a survey and in-depth interviews with cross-border remote workers.
新冠疫情期间实施的接触限制推动了远程工作的迅速扩张。随着这种扩张，中东欧典型的移民输出国出现了新的机遇，可让其侨民远程参与本国劳动力市场。本文旨在通过拉脱维亚的案例研究，展示跨境远程工作在减轻移民造成的人力资本损失方面的潜力。我们评估了税收、社会福利、劳动力市场监管及其他领域的主要障碍和必要调整，以促进劳动力市场转型，并说明该国可利用哪些激励措施成为侨民进行远程工作的首选之地。本研究结合雇主、雇员和政府的观点，为移民国家在远程工作兴起方面面临的挑战和机遇提供了新的视角。全面分析基于对二手数据的三角测量、政策文件分析、雇主调查以及对跨境远程工作者的调查和深入访谈。
