Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Eur J Haematol. 2024 Aug;113(2):253-256. doi: 10.1111/ejh.14227. Epub 2024 May 22.
A common disease with significant impacts on health and quality of life, anemia is particularly prevalent in women of reproductive age due to blood losses during menstruation and pregnancy. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) was analyzed to compare trends in prevalence of anemia in women aged 15-49 among countries and over time with the goal of identifying regions both successful and in need of assistance in combatting anemia. Worldwide from 2000 to 2013 the prevalence of anemia among women aged 15-49 decreased, and then increased from 2013 to 2019; severe anemia decreased throughout the world from 2000 to 2019. Throughout all years, African countries had the highest prevalence of anemia and severe anemia while American and European countries had the lowest. With each decrease in human development index (HDI) category (very high to high, etc.) there was a significant increase in prevalence of total anemia (P < 0.001 for all). This data suggests that although the prevalence of anemia among reproductive age women has decreased over time there is still much work remaining, particularly in low HDI countries. More effort is needed in preventing, recognizing and treating anemia.
贫血是一种常见的疾病，对健康和生活质量有重大影响，特别是在育龄妇女中更为普遍，因为她们在月经和怀孕期间会失血。本研究分析了世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，以比较不同国家和不同时期 15-49 岁育龄妇女贫血患病率的变化趋势，旨在确定在防治贫血方面取得成功和需要援助的地区。2000 年至 2013 年，全球 15-49 岁育龄妇女贫血患病率下降，2013 年至 2019 年上升；2000 年至 2019 年，全球严重贫血患病率下降。所有年份中，非洲国家的贫血和严重贫血患病率最高，而美洲和欧洲国家的贫血和严重贫血患病率最低。随着人类发展指数（HDI）类别（很高到高，等等）的降低，总贫血患病率显著增加（所有 P <0.001）。这表明，尽管育龄妇女贫血的患病率随着时间的推移有所下降，但仍有大量工作要做，特别是在低人类发展指数国家。需要更多的努力来预防、识别和治疗贫血。
