Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Am J Infect Control. 2024 Oct;52(10):1152-1159. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.05.003. Epub 2024 May 21.
In the 20th century, influenza and pneumonia constituted the largest proportion of infectious disease deaths in the United States. Despite progress in management, US mortality trends for these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated.
We aim to examine the patterns of influenza and pneumonia-related deaths among US residents.
Crude death rates and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 individuals were calculated using influenza and pneumonia mortality data (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes: J09-J18) from the CDC WONDER database. Annual percentage changes with a 95% confidence interval were determined using joinpoint regression analysis. Average annual percentage changes were computed as the weighted average of annual percentage changes.
From 1999 to 2020, US influenza and pneumonia deaths totaled 1,257,088 (AAMR: 17.09), with a significantly decreasing AAMR (-2.94). Males had a higher AAMR (20.13) than females (15.02). Non-Hispanic American Indians had the highest AAMR (20.44), while Hispanics had the lowest AAMR (13.91). The Northeast had the highest AAMR (18.02). All other regions had similar AAMRs. Rural regions had a consistently higher AAMR (19.80) than urban regions (AAMR: 16.51).
Tailoring interventions toward high-risk groups can enhance the effectiveness of preventive measures, vaccination, and health care access.
在 20 世纪，流感和肺炎构成了美国传染病死亡的最大比例。尽管在管理方面取得了进展，但美国这些疾病的死亡率趋势仍未得到彻底调查。
我们旨在研究美国居民中与流感和肺炎相关的死亡模式。
使用疾病预防控制中心 WONDER 数据库中的流感和肺炎死亡率数据（国际疾病分类，第 10 版代码：J09-J18），计算每 10 万人的粗死亡率和年龄调整死亡率（AAMR）。使用 Joinpoint 回归分析确定每年百分比变化和 95%置信区间。平均年百分比变化作为年百分比变化的加权平均值计算。
从 1999 年到 2020 年，美国流感和肺炎死亡总数为 1,257,088 例（AAMR：17.09），AAMR 呈显著下降趋势（-2.94）。男性的 AAMR（20.13）高于女性（15.02）。非西班牙裔美洲印第安人的 AAMR 最高（20.44），而西班牙裔的 AAMR 最低（13.91）。东北地区的 AAMR 最高（18.02）。其他所有地区的 AAMR 相似。农村地区的 AAMR 一直高于城市地区（AAMR：16.51）。
针对高危人群量身定制干预措施可以提高预防措施、疫苗接种和医疗保健的效果。
