Murnik Lea-Christina, Schmäschke Ronald, Bernhard Andreas, Thielebein Jens, Eulenberger Klaus, Barownick Nadine, Gawlowska Sandra, Delling Cora
Institute of Parasitology, Center for Infectious Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An Den Tierkliniken 35, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Zoo Leipzig, Pfaffendorfer Straße 29, 04109, Leipzig, Germany.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2024 May 8;24:100942. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100942. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Parasitic infections in zoo animals are a critical concern for both animal health and management. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of endo- and ectoparasites among zoo animals in Germany. A retrospective analysis of the submitted samples of a diverse range of zoo animals (5768) from a ten-year period (2012-2022) was conducted. Overall, 31.1% of those samples tested positive for at least one parasite. In the examined samples, helminths (28.4%) were found more often than protozoans (10.3%) or ectoparasites (0.8%). Among the various animal groups the following parasites were found most commonly: Artiodactyla: Coccidia (34.6%), Strongylida (23.4%); Perissodactyla: Strongylida (19.3%), Ascaridida (12.0%); Carnivora: Ascaridida (16.6%), Coccidia (8.1%); Rodentia: Oxyurida (18.2%), Coccidia (10.5%); Marsupialia: Coccidia (9.4%), Oxyurida (5.9%); Primates: spp. (9.7%), Oxyurida (2.2%); Aves: (7.8%), Ascaridida (7.6%); Reptilia, Amphibia, Insecta: Oxyurida (18.7%); Pisces: Ciliates (6.2%). Furthermore, potentially zoonotic parasites were identified, including (0.1%), sp. (0.1%). By examining the occurrence of specific parasites, these findings demonstrate the importance of parasites in the context of zoo animal health. They also highlight the need for effective strategies to control parasite burden to improve the overall welfare of zoo animals.
动物园动物的寄生虫感染对动物健康和管理而言都是至关重要的问题。本研究的目的是评估德国动物园动物体内体内寄生虫和体外寄生虫的感染情况。对十年期间（2012 - 2022年）提交的各种动物园动物（5768只）的样本进行了回顾性分析。总体而言，这些样本中有31.1%至少检测出一种寄生虫呈阳性。在所检测的样本中，蠕虫（28.4%）的检出频率高于原生动物（10.3%）或体外寄生虫（0.8%）。在不同动物类别中，最常发现的寄生虫如下：偶蹄目：球虫（34.6%）、圆线虫（23.4%）；奇蹄目：圆线虫（19.3%）、蛔目（12.0%）；食肉目：蛔目（16.6%）、球虫（8.1%）；啮齿目：尖尾线虫目（18.2%）、球虫（10.5%）；有袋目：球虫（9.4%）、尖尾线虫目（5.9%）；灵长目： spp.（9.7%）、尖尾线虫目（2.2%）；鸟类： （7.8%）、蛔目（7.6%）；爬行纲、两栖纲、昆虫纲：尖尾线虫目（18.7%）；鱼纲：纤毛虫（6.2%）。此外，还鉴定出了潜在的人畜共患寄生虫，包括 （0.1%）、 sp.（0.1%）。通过检查特定寄生虫的感染情况，这些发现证明了寄生虫在动物园动物健康方面的重要性。它们还强调了需要采取有效策略来控制寄生虫负担，以提高动物园动物的整体福利。
