Lee Sangchul, Kim Dongho, McCarty Gregory W, Anderson Martha, Gao Feng, Lei Fangni, Moglen Glenn E, Zhang Xuesong, Yen Haw, Qi Junyu, Crow Wade, Yeo In-Young, Sun Liang
Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
Heliyon. 2024 May 9;10(10):e30923. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30923. eCollection 2024 May 30.
Remotely sensed products are often used in watershed modeling as additional constraints to improve model predictions and reduce model uncertainty. Remotely sensed products also enabled the spatial evaluation of model simulations due to their spatial and temporal coverage. However, their usability is not extensively explored in various regions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of incorporating remotely sensed evapotranspiration (RS-ET) and leaf area index (RS-LAI) products to enhance watershed modeling predictions. The objectives include reducing parameter uncertainty at the watershed scale and refining the model's capability to predict the spatial distribution of ET and LAI at sub-watershed scale. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, a systematic calibration procedure was applied. Initially, solely streamflow data was employed as a constraint, gradually incorporating RS-ET and RS-LAI thereafter. The results showed that while 14 parameter sets exhibit satisfactory performance for streamflow and RS-ET, this number diminishes to six with the inclusion of RS-LAI as an additional constraint. Furthermore, among these six sets, only three effectively captured the spatial patterns of ET and LAI at the sub-watershed level. Our findings showed that leveraging multiple remotely sensed products has the potential to diminish parameter uncertainty and increase the credibility of intra-watershed process simulations. These results contributed to broadening the applicability of remotely sensed products in watershed modeling, enhancing their usefulness in this field.
遥感产品经常在流域建模中用作额外的约束条件，以改进模型预测并降低模型不确定性。由于其空间和时间覆盖范围，遥感产品还能够对模型模拟进行空间评估。然而，它们在不同地区的可用性尚未得到广泛探索。本研究评估了纳入遥感蒸散量（RS-ET）和叶面积指数（RS-LAI）产品以增强流域建模预测的有效性。目标包括减少流域尺度上的参数不确定性，并提升模型在子流域尺度上预测ET和LAI空间分布的能力。使用土壤和水资源评估工具（SWAT）模型，应用了一种系统的校准程序。最初，仅将流量数据用作约束条件，随后逐渐纳入RS-ET和RS-LAI。结果表明，虽然有14个参数集在流量和RS-ET方面表现出令人满意的性能，但在纳入RS-LAI作为额外约束条件后，这个数字减少到了6个。此外，在这6个参数集中，只有3个有效地捕捉到了子流域层面ET和LAI的空间模式。我们的研究结果表明，利用多种遥感产品有潜力减少参数不确定性，并提高流域内过程模拟的可信度。这些结果有助于拓宽遥感产品在流域建模中的适用性，增强它们在该领域的实用性。
