Bilateral matching decision-making for rural homesteads withdrawal patterns and types of peasant households' welfare needs: Evidence from China in the context of land spatial planning regulation.

In order to solve the issue of idle rural homesteads and enhance the welfare of peasant households, the Chinese government has implemented various rural homestead withdrawal patterns. In the context of land spatial planning regulation, based on the field survey data from 210 peasant households in Xuzhou City and Ganzhou City, this study constructs a bilateral matching model between rural homestead withdrawal patterns and types of welfare needs of peasant households. This study uses a Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm improved on the 0-1 knapsack strategy to solve the matching model, aiming to find the optimal homestead withdrawal patterns that match the types of peasant households. The results show that: (1) The matching of rural homestead withdrawal patterns and types of peasant households conforms to the principle of comparative advantage. (2) In the case of "one-to-one matching" between peasant households and homestead withdrawal patterns, matching the "economic-material-oriented" peasant households with the withdrawal pattern of "monetary compensation", matching the "social-service-oriented" peasant households with withdrawal pattern of "indicator replacement", and matching the "welfare-assistance-oriented" peasant households with the withdrawal pattern of "asset replacement". (3) The bilateral overall preference of the combined rural homestead withdrawal patterns is higher than that of the single rural homestead withdrawal pattern, and satisfaction has increased by at least 8 %. The authors argue that the government should design and implement diversified withdrawal patterns based on a full understanding of the welfare needs of peasant households.