College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 26;19(21):13938. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113938.
Using typical counties in the Yimeng Mountain area of northern China as an example, this paper analyzed the household and agricultural input characteristics of different types of peasant households using survey data from 262 farm households. The target minimization of the total absolute deviations (MOTAD) model was applied to determine the optimal combinations in the allocation of agricultural input factors and production for different types of at-risk peasant households to obtain the ideal agricultural income. The relevant results are twofold. (1) The agricultural input behaviors of different types of peasant households vary significantly. The highest levels of agricultural land, labor, and yield-increasing and labor-saving inputs included I part-time peasant households (), followed by full-time peasant households (), while the input levels of II part-time peasant households () and non-agricultural peasant households () with higher levels of non-agricultural employment gradually decreased. In general, an increase in peasant households' part-time employment revealed an inverted U-shaped trend in the agricultural input level, with a trajectory of > > > . (2) The current agricultural inputs and production combinations of different types of peasant households have room for improvement. It is necessary to adjust agricultural inputs and optimize production combinations to obtain target incomes. Overall, all types of peasant households must streamline labor inputs and increase capital inputs, except for , for which capital inputs should be reduced. Following optimization, economic crops gradually replace grain crops, and the optimal agricultural incomes of peasant households will be improved. The study results provide practical policy insights for reducing agricultural production risks and improving agricultural production incomes.
以中国北方沂蒙山区的典型县为例，利用 262 户农户的调查数据，采用最小总绝对离差（MOTAD）模型，分析了不同类型农户的家庭和农业投入特征。该模型旨在确定不同风险农户在农业投入要素和生产配置方面的最优组合，以获得理想的农业收入。相关结果有两点。（1）不同类型农户的农业投入行为存在显著差异。I 兼业户（）的农业土地、劳动力和增产节劳投入水平最高，其次是纯农户（），而具有较高非农就业水平的 II 兼业户（）和非农户（）的农业投入水平逐渐降低。总体而言，农户兼业程度的提高呈现出农业投入水平的倒“U”型趋势，轨迹为 > > > 。（2）不同类型农户的当前农业投入和生产组合仍有改进空间。有必要调整农业投入，优化生产组合，以获得目标收入。总体而言，除了（），所有类型的农户都必须精简劳动力投入，增加资本投入，而（）则应减少资本投入。经过优化，经济作物逐渐取代粮食作物，农户的最优农业收入将得到提高。研究结果为降低农业生产风险和提高农业生产收入提供了切实可行的政策建议。
