Čater Matjaž, Adamič Pia Caroline, Dařenova Eva
Department of Yield and Silviculture, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood technology, Mendel University, Brno, Czechia.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 May 8;15:1380275. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1380275. eCollection 2024.
Predicting global change mitigations based on environmental variables, like temperature and water availability, although yielding insightful hypothesis still lacks the integration of environmental responses. Physiological limits should be assessed to obtain a complete representation of a species' fundamental niche. Detailed ecophysiological studies on the response of trees along the latitudinal gradient are rare. They could shed light on the behaviour under different light intensities and other studied traits. The forests of the Dinaric Mountains and the Carpathians represent the largest contiguous forest complexes in south-eastern Europe. In uneven-aged Carpathian (8 plots) and Dinaric Mountain (11 plots) forests, net assimilation (A) and maximum quantum yield (Φ) were measured for beech and fir in three predefined light intensity categories according to the indirect site factor (ISF%) obtained by the analysis of hemispherical photographs in managed and old growth forests, all located above 800 m a.s.l. The measurements were carried out under fixed environmental conditions in each light category per plot for three consecutive years. Data from the last 50-year average period from the CRU TS 4.01 dataset were used for the comparison between Amax, Φ, and climate. The highest Φ for beech were observed in the central part of the Dinaric Mountains and in the south westernmost and northwesternmost part of the Carpathians for both beech and fir, while they were highest for fir in the Dinaric Mountains in the northwesternmost part of the study area. The Φ-value of beech decreased in both complexes with increasing mean annual temperature and was highest in the open landscape. For fir in the Carpathians, Φ decreased with increasing mean annual temperature, while in the Dinaric Mountains it increased with higher temperature and showed a more scattered response compared to the Carpathians. Short-term ecophysiological responses of beech and fir were consistent to long-term radial growth observations observed on same locations. The results may provide a basis and an indication of the future response of two tree species in their biogeographical range to climate change in terms of competitiveness, existence and consequently forest management decisions.
基于温度和水资源可利用性等环境变量预测全球变化缓解措施，虽能产生有深刻见解的假设，但仍缺乏对环境响应的整合。应评估生理极限以全面呈现物种的基础生态位。关于树木沿纬度梯度响应的详细生态生理学研究很少。这些研究能揭示不同光照强度及其他研究性状下的行为。迪纳拉山脉和喀尔巴阡山脉的森林是东南欧最大的连片森林复合体。在喀尔巴阡山脉（8个样地）和迪纳拉山脉（11个样地）的异龄林中，根据通过对管理林和原始林中半球形照片分析得到的间接立地因子（ISF%），在三个预先定义的光照强度类别中，对山毛榉和冷杉的净同化率（A）和最大量子产量（Φ）进行了测量，所有样地均位于海拔800米以上。测量在每个样地的每种光照类别下的固定环境条件下连续进行三年。来自CRU TS 4.01数据集过去50年平均时期的数据用于比较Amax、Φ和气候。山毛榉的最高Φ值在迪纳拉山脉中部以及喀尔巴阡山脉最西南端和最西北端观察到，山毛榉和冷杉均是如此，而在研究区域最西北端的迪纳拉山脉中，冷杉的Φ值最高。在这两个森林复合体中，山毛榉的Φ值均随年平均温度升高而降低，且在开阔景观中最高。对于喀尔巴阡山脉的冷杉，Φ值随年平均温度升高而降低，而在迪纳拉山脉中，它随温度升高而增加，且与喀尔巴阡山脉相比表现出更分散的响应。山毛榉和冷杉的短期生态生理响应与在相同地点观察到的长期径向生长观测结果一致。这些结果可能为两种树种在其生物地理范围内对气候变化在竞争力、生存以及森林管理决策方面的未来响应提供基础和指示。
