Ksela Jus, Kafol Jan, Vasic Danijela, Jug Borut
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024 May 15;11(5):151. doi: 10.3390/jcdd11050151.
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) plays a crucial role in managing patients who have undergone coronary intervention (CI) following acute myocardial infarction. While water-based exercise is gaining recognition as an exercise modality in this patient population, its impact on the subgroup of older adults remains unexplored. In this post hoc analysis, we investigated the effects of water-based exercise on adults older than 60 years undergoing CR after CI, comparing it to land-based exercise and a control group. In total, 45 patients aged over 60 participated in 14-day exercise programs, featuring two daily 30-min sessions. We assessed exercise capacity (VO), vascular function (flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD)), heart rate variability (HRV), and blood markers (Interleukins 6, 8, and 10, P-Selectin, ICAM, and High-sensitivity CRP) before and after CR. VO in the water-based group improved significantly after CR in comparison with the land-based group: 1.35 kg/mL/min (95% CI [0.20-2.50], = 0.022). The significant difference between water-based and land-based groups was observed in several HRV parameters: Total power -1129.20 ms (95% CI [-1951.92--306.49], = 0.008); peak LF 0.04 Hz (95% CI [0.00-0.08], = 0.036); SD1 -9.02 millisecond (95% CI [-16.86--1.18], = 0.025); and SD2 -19.71 ms (95% CI [-35.08--4.34], = 0.013). FMD and blood markers did not vary significantly based on the exercise group. These findings suggest that short-term water-based CR may have potential as an alternative to traditional land-based CR, improving VO and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults over 60 years undergoing CR after CI.
心脏康复（CR）在管理急性心肌梗死后接受冠状动脉介入治疗（CI）的患者中起着至关重要的作用。虽然水上运动作为一种运动方式在这一患者群体中越来越受到认可，但其对老年亚组的影响仍未得到探索。在这项事后分析中，我们研究了水上运动对60岁以上接受CI后CR的成年人的影响，并将其与陆地运动和对照组进行比较。共有45名60岁以上的患者参加了为期14天的运动计划，每天进行两次30分钟的训练。我们在CR前后评估了运动能力（VO）、血管功能（血流介导的血管舒张（FMD））、心率变异性（HRV）和血液标志物（白细胞介素6、8和10、P-选择素、细胞间黏附分子和高敏CRP）。与陆地运动组相比，水上运动组的VO在CR后显著改善：1.35 kg/mL/min（95%CI[0.20 - 2.50]，P = 0.022）。在几个HRV参数中观察到水上运动组和陆地运动组之间存在显著差异：总功率 -1129.20 ms（95%CI[-1951.92 - -306.49]，P = 0.008）；峰值低频0.04 Hz（95%CI[0.00 - 0.08]，P =
