Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
Department of Microbiology, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Jul;192:106711. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106711. Epub 2024 May 23.
Medicinal plants have been widely used for their antimicrobial properties against various microorganisms. Arisaema dracontium a familiar medicinal plant, was analyzed and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using extracts of different parts of its shoot including leaves and stem. Further, the antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts such as ethyl acetate, n-hexane, ethanol, methanol, and chloroform extracts were analyzed. AgNPs were prepared using aqueous silver nitrate solution and assessed their antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Non-multidrug-resistant bacteria. The characterization of AgNPs was done by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTI), and X-ray Diffraction approaches. The leaf extract contained Tannins, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, and Steroids while Alkaloids, Saponins, and Glycosides were undetected. The stem extract contained Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Saponins, Steroids, and Glycosides while Terpenoids were not observed. The AgNPs synthesized from stem and leaf extracts in the current study had spherical shapes and ranged in size from 1 to 50 nm and 20-500 nm respectively as were visible in TEM. The leaf extract-prepared AgNPs showed significantly higher activities i.e., 27.75 mm ± 0.86 against the MDR strains as compared to the stem-derived nanoparticles i.e., 24.33 ± 0.33 by comparing the zones of inhibitions which can be attributed to the differences in their phytochemical constituents. The acute toxicity assay confirmed that no mortality was noticed when the dosage was 100 mg per kg which confirms that the confirms that the AgNPs are not toxic when used in low quantities. It is concluded that leaf extract from A. dracontium could be used against pathogenic bacteria offering economic and health benefits compared to the chemical substances.
药用植物因其对各种微生物的抗菌特性而被广泛应用。箭根薯是一种常见的药用植物，我们分析了其不同部位（包括叶和茎）的提取物，并从中合成了银纳米粒子（AgNPs）。此外，还分析了不同溶剂提取物（如乙酸乙酯、正己烷、乙醇、甲醇和氯仿提取物）的抗菌活性。AgNPs 是使用水溶液中的硝酸银溶液制备的，并评估了它们对多药耐药（MDR）和非多药耐药细菌的抗菌活性。AgNPs 的表征是通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外（FTI）和 X 射线衍射方法进行的。叶提取物含有单宁、类黄酮、萜类化合物和甾体，而生物碱、皂苷和糖苷则未被检测到。茎提取物含有生物碱、单宁、类黄酮、皂苷、甾体和糖苷，而萜类化合物则未被观察到。本研究中从茎和叶提取物中合成的 AgNPs 具有球形形状，尺寸分别在 1 至 50nm 和 20 至 500nm 之间，这在 TEM 中是可见的。与茎衍生的纳米粒子相比，叶提取物制备的 AgNPs 对 MDR 菌株的活性显著更高，即 27.75mm±0.86，这可以归因于它们的植物化学成分的差异。急性毒性试验证实，当剂量为 100mg/kg 时，没有观察到死亡率，这证实了在低用量下 AgNPs 是无毒的。综上所述，与化学物质相比，箭根薯的叶提取物可用于对抗致病菌，具有经济和健康效益。
