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用于先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的人源化且具有活力的动物模型--R484Q 突变小鼠。

A Humanized and Viable Animal Model for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia--R484Q Mutant Mouse.

机构信息

Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

Transgenic Core Facility, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 7;25(10):5062. doi: 10.3390/ijms25105062.

Abstract

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder impairing cortisol synthesis due to reduced enzymatic activity. This leads to persistent adrenocortical overstimulation and the accumulation of precursors before the blocked enzymatic step. The predominant form of CAH arises from mutations in , causing 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). Despite emerging treatment options for CAH, it is not always possible to physiologically replace cortisol levels and counteract hyperandrogenism. Moreover, there is a notable absence of an effective in vivo model for pre-clinical testing. In this work, we developed an animal model for CAH with the clinically relevant point mutation p.R484Q in the previously humanized mouse strain. Mutant mice showed hyperplastic adrenals and exhibited reduced levels of corticosterone and 11-deoxycorticosterone and an increase in progesterone. Female mutants presented with higher aldosterone concentrations, but blood pressure remained similar between wildtype and mutant mice in both sexes. Male mutant mice have normal fertility with a typical testicular appearance, whereas female mutants are infertile, exhibit an abnormal ovarian structure, and remain in a consistent diestrus phase. Conclusively, we show that the animal model has the potential to contribute to testing new treatment options and to prevent comorbidities that result from hormone-related derangements and treatment-related side effects in CAH patients.

摘要

先天性肾上腺皮质增生症(CAH)是一种常染色体隐性遗传病,由于酶活性降低而导致皮质醇合成受损。这导致持续的肾上腺皮质过度刺激和在受阻的酶步骤之前前体的积累。CAH 的主要形式源于 中的突变,导致 21-羟化酶缺乏症(21-OHD)。尽管 CAH 有新的治疗选择,但并不总是能够生理替代皮质醇水平并对抗高雄性激素血症。此外,临床上缺乏有效的体内模型进行临床前测试。在这项工作中,我们使用先前已人源化的 小鼠品系,开发了一种具有临床相关点突变 p.R484Q 的 CAH 动物模型。突变小鼠表现出肾上腺增生,并表现出皮质酮和 11-脱氧皮质酮水平降低以及孕酮增加。雌性突变体的醛固酮浓度更高,但在两性中,野生型和突变型小鼠的血压相似。雄性突变型小鼠具有正常的生育能力和典型的睾丸外观,而雌性突变型小鼠不育,表现出异常的卵巢结构,并保持在一致的发情期。总之,我们表明该动物模型具有为测试新的治疗选择做出贡献的潜力,并预防因激素相关紊乱和 CAH 患者治疗相关副作用而导致的合并症。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5fc7/11120801/1734237729fb/ijms-25-05062-g001.jpg

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