Ottenbourgs Tine, Van Nieuwenhuysen Els
Gynaecological Oncology Laboratory, KU Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, BGOG and Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 May 13;16(10):1862. doi: 10.3390/cancers16101862.
Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a rare ovarian malignancy primarily affecting younger women and is characterized by an indolent growth pattern. It exhibits indolent growth and high estrogen/progesterone receptor expression, suggesting potential responsiveness to endocrine therapy. However, treatment efficacy remains limited due to the development of endocrine resistance. The mechanisms of resistance, whether primary or acquired, are still largely unknown and present a significant hurdle in achieving favorable treatment outcomes with endocrine therapy in these patients. In estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, mechanisms of endocrine resistance have been largely explored and novel treatment strategies to overcome resistance have emerged. Considering the shared estrogen receptor positivity in LGSOC and breast cancer, we wanted to explore whether there are any parallel mechanisms of resistance and whether we can extend endocrine breast cancer treatments to LGSOC. This review aims to highlight the underlying molecular mechanisms possibly driving endocrine resistance in ovarian cancer, while also exploring the available therapeutic opportunities to overcome this resistance. By unraveling the potential pathways involved and examining emerging strategies, this review explores valuable insights for advancing treatment options and improving patient outcomes in LGSOC, which has limited therapeutic options available.
低级别浆液性卵巢癌（LGSOC）是一种罕见的卵巢恶性肿瘤，主要影响年轻女性，其特点是生长缓慢。它生长缓慢且雌激素/孕激素受体表达较高，提示可能对内分泌治疗有反应。然而，由于内分泌耐药的出现，治疗效果仍然有限。耐药机制，无论是原发性还是获得性的，在很大程度上仍然未知，并且是这些患者通过内分泌治疗实现良好治疗效果的重大障碍。在雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌中，内分泌耐药机制已得到大量研究，并且出现了克服耐药的新治疗策略。考虑到LGSOC和乳腺癌中雌激素受体均为阳性，我们想探究是否存在任何平行的耐药机制，以及我们是否可以将乳腺癌内分泌治疗方法扩展至LGSOC。本综述旨在强调可能导致卵巢癌内分泌耐药的潜在分子机制，同时探索克服这种耐药的现有治疗机会。通过揭示潜在的相关途径并研究新兴策略，本综述探索了推进LGSOC治疗选择和改善患者预后的宝贵见解，LGSOC的治疗选择有限。
