Emergency Department, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 May 5;60(5):762. doi: 10.3390/medicina60050762.
: Calprotectin (CP) is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein that plays a key role in innate immunity and in the recruitment of inflammatory cells. CP can be detected both in serum and in fecal samples. Serum CP (sCP) is more specific for autoimmune diseases, while fecal CP (fCP) has been well investigated for gastrointestinal diseases. Few studies have shown the clinical effectiveness of sCP as an acute-phase biomarker for gastrointestinal diseases. : The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the role of sCP as a useful alternative biomarker of the acute-phase activity of gastrointestinal diseases and as a possible tool for screening and monitoring these diseases. : We searched original articles, abstracts, reviews, case reports, and clinical trials on PubMed, Up-to-Date, and Medscape in the last ten years. : We found that sCP could represent a useful biomarker in the evaluation of the inflammatory stage in patients with immune-mediated gastrointestinal diseases, but more studies are needed to promote its routine use in clinical practice as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as a replacement for fCP.
钙卫蛋白（CP）是一种钙和锌结合蛋白，在先天免疫和炎症细胞募集中发挥关键作用。CP 可在血清和粪便样本中检测到。血清 CP（sCP）对自身免疫性疾病更具特异性，而粪便 CP（fCP）已被广泛研究用于胃肠道疾病。一些研究表明 sCP 作为胃肠道疾病急性期生物标志物的临床有效性。本综述旨在讨论 sCP 作为胃肠道疾病急性期活动的有用替代生物标志物的作用，以及作为筛查和监测这些疾病的可能工具。我们在过去十年中在 PubMed、Up-to-Date 和 Medscape 上搜索了关于 sCP 的原始文章、摘要、综述、病例报告和临床试验。我们发现 sCP 可以作为评估免疫介导的胃肠道疾病患者炎症阶段的有用生物标志物，但需要更多的研究来促进其在临床实践中作为替代 fCP 的诊断和预后生物标志物的常规使用。
