Chen Jiming, Zheng Meiyu, Xiao Qiaoling, Wang Hui, Chi Caixing, Lin Tahui, Wang Yulin, Yi Xue, Zhu Lin
Department of Basic Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen 361023, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2024 May 8;15(5):630. doi: 10.3390/mi15050630.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as vital messengers, facilitating communication between cells, and exhibit tremendous potential in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, conventional EV isolation methods are labor-intensive, and they harvest EVs with low purity and compromised recovery. In addition, the drawbacks, such as the limited sensitivity and specificity of traditional EV analysis methods, hinder the application of EVs in clinical use. Therefore, it is urgent to develop effective and standardized methods for isolating and detecting EVs. Microfluidics technology is a powerful and rapidly developing technology that has been introduced as a potential solution for the above bottlenecks. It holds the advantages of high integration, short analysis time, and low consumption of samples and reagents. In this review, we summarize the traditional techniques alongside microfluidic-based methodologies for the isolation and detection of EVs. We emphasize the distinct advantages of microfluidic technology in enhancing the capture efficiency and precise targeting of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We also explore its analytical role in targeted detection. Furthermore, this review highlights the transformative impact of microfluidic technology on EV analysis, with the potential to achieve automated and high-throughput EV detection in clinical samples.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为重要的信使，促进细胞间的通讯，并在疾病的诊断和治疗中展现出巨大潜力。然而，传统的EV分离方法劳动强度大，且收获的EV纯度低、回收率低。此外，传统EV分析方法的灵敏度和特异性有限等缺点，阻碍了EV在临床应用中的推广。因此，迫切需要开发有效且标准化的EV分离和检测方法。微流控技术是一种强大且快速发展的技术，已被视为解决上述瓶颈问题的潜在方案。它具有高度集成、分析时间短以及样品和试剂消耗低等优点。在本综述中，我们总结了用于EV分离和检测的传统技术以及基于微流控的方法。我们强调了微流控技术在提高细胞外囊泡（EVs）捕获效率和精确靶向方面的独特优势。我们还探讨了其在靶向检测中的分析作用。此外，本综述突出了微流控技术对EV分析的变革性影响，有望实现临床样品中EV的自动化高通量检测。
