Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
Viruses. 2024 Apr 26;16(5):687. doi: 10.3390/v16050687.
Tomato () is the most important vegetable and fruit crop in the family Solanaceae worldwide. Numerous pests and pathogens, especially viruses, severely affect tomato production, causing immeasurable market losses. In Taiwan, the cultivation of tomato crops is mainly threatened by insect-borne viruses, among which pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV) is one of the most prevalent. PVMV is a member of the genus of the family and is non-persistently transmitted by aphids. Its infection significantly reduces tomato fruit yield and quality. So far, no PVMV-resistant tomato lines are available. In this study, we performed nitrite-induced mutagenesis of the PVMV tomato isolate Tn to generate attenuated PVMV mutants. PVMV Tn causes necrotic lesions in leaves and severe mosaic and wilting in plants. After nitrite treatment, three attenuated PVMV mutants, m4-8, m10-1, and m10-11, were selected while inducing milder responses to and with lower accumulation in tomato plants. In greenhouse tests, the three mutants showed different degrees of cross-protection against wild-type PVMV Tn. m4-8 showed the highest protective efficacy against PVMV Tn in and tomato plants, 100% and 97.9%, respectively. A whole-genome sequence comparison of PVMV Tn and m4-8 revealed that 20 nucleotide substitutions occurred in the m4-8 genome, resulting in 18 amino acid changes. Our results suggest that m4-8 has excellent potential to protect tomato crops from PVMV. The application of m4-8 in protecting other Solanaceae crops, such as peppers, will be studied in the future.
番茄（）是茄科中最重要的蔬菜和水果作物，在全球范围内。许多害虫和病原体，尤其是病毒，严重影响番茄的生产，造成不可估量的市场损失。在台湾，番茄作物的种植主要受到虫媒病毒的威胁，其中辣椒叶脉斑驳病毒（PVMV）是最流行的病毒之一。PVMV 是 属的成员，通过蚜虫非持久传播。其感染显著降低番茄果实的产量和品质。到目前为止，还没有抗 PVMV 的番茄品系。在这项研究中，我们对 PVMV 番茄分离株 Tn 进行亚硝酸盐诱导突变，以产生减毒的 PVMV 突变体。PVMV Tn 在 叶片上引起坏死斑，在 植株上引起严重的花叶和萎蔫。经过亚硝酸盐处理，选择了三个减毒的 PVMV 突变体 m4-8、m10-1 和 m10-11，同时在番茄植株中引起更温和的反应，积累量更低。在温室试验中，这三个突变体对野生型 PVMV Tn 表现出不同程度的交叉保护作用。m4-8 在 中对 PVMV Tn 的保护效果最高，分别为 100%和 97.9%。PVMV Tn 和 m4-8 的全基因组序列比较显示，m4-8 基因组中发生了 20 个核苷酸替换，导致 18 个氨基酸变化。我们的结果表明，m4-8 具有保护番茄作物免受 PVMV 侵害的巨大潜力。m4-8 将在未来用于保护其他茄科作物，如辣椒。
