The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada; Research Group Neuroinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School Cognition, Behavior and Neuroscience, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Aug 15;359:269-276. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.095. Epub 2024 May 23.
Changes in EEG have been reported in both major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Specifically, power changes in EEG alpha and theta frequency bands during rest and task are known in both disorders. This leaves open whether there are changes in yet another component of the electrophysiological EEG signal, namely phase-related processes that may allow for distinguishing MDD and BD. For that purpose, we investigate EEG-based spontaneous phase in the resting state of MDD, BD and healthy controls. Our main findings show: (i) decreased spontaneous phase variability in frontal theta of both MDD and BD compared to HC; (ii) decreased spontaneous phase variability in central-parietal alpha in MDD compared to both BD and HC; (iii) increased delays or lags of alpha phase cycles in MDD (but not in BD), which (iv) correlate with the decreased phase variability in MDD. Together, we show similar (decreased frontal theta variability) and distinct (decreased central-parietal alpha variability with increased lags or delays) findings in the spontaneous phase dynamics of MDD and BD. This suggests potential relevance of theta and alpha phase dynamics in distinguishing MDD and BD in clinical differential-diagnosis.
脑电图中的变化在重度抑郁症（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD）中均有报道。具体来说，在休息和任务期间，脑电图α和θ频段的功率变化在这两种疾病中均为已知。这使得另一个电生理 EEG 信号的组成部分是否发生变化成为未知数，即相位相关过程可能允许区分 MDD 和 BD。为此，我们研究了 MDD、BD 和健康对照组在静息状态下基于 EEG 的自发相位。我们的主要发现表明：（i）与 HC 相比，MDD 和 BD 的额部θ的自发相位变异性降低；（ii）与 BD 和 HC 相比，MDD 的中央-顶叶α的自发相位变异性降低；（iii）MDD 中的α相位周期的延迟或滞后增加（但在 BD 中没有），这与 MDD 中的相位变异性降低有关。总的来说，我们在 MDD 和 BD 的自发相位动力学中发现了相似的（额部θ变异性降低）和不同的（中央-顶叶α变异性降低与延迟或滞后增加）发现。这表明θ和α相位动力学在临床鉴别诊断中区分 MDD 和 BD 具有潜在的相关性。
