Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
J Psychiatr Res. 2024 Jul;175:437-445. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.044. Epub 2024 May 21.
Over 300 million individuals worldwide suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD). Individuals with MDD are less physically active than healthy people which results in lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and less favorable perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Additionally, individuals with MDD may show autonomic system dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the CRF, perceived fitness and autonomic function in in-patients with MDD of different severity compared with healthy controls. We used data from 212 in-patients (age: 40.7 ± 12.6 y, 53% female) with MDD and from 141 healthy controls (age: 36.7 ± 12.7 y, 58% female). We assessed CRF with the Åstrand-Rhyming test, self-reported perceived fitness and autonomic function by heart rate variability (HRV). In specific, we used resting heart rate, time- and frequency-based parameters for HRV. In-patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to self-assess the subjectively rated severity of depression. Based on these scores, participants were grouped into mild, moderate and severe MDD. The main finding was an inverse association between depression severity and CRF as well as perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Resting heart rate was elevated with increasing depression severity. The time-based but not the frequency-based autonomic function parameters showed an inverse association with depression severity. The pattern of results suggests that among in-patients with major depressive disorder, those with particularly high self-assessed severity scores show a lower CRF, less favorable perceived fitness and partial autonomic dysfunction compared to healthy controls. To counteract these conditions, physical activity interventions may be effective.
全世界有超过 3 亿人患有重度抑郁症（MDD）。与健康人相比，患有 MDD 的人身体活动较少，导致心肺健康状况（CRF）较低，与健康对照组相比，感知健康状况较差。此外，患有 MDD 的人可能表现出自主神经系统功能障碍。本研究的目的是评估不同严重程度的 MDD 住院患者与健康对照组相比的 CRF、感知健康状况和自主神经功能。我们使用了 212 名 MDD 住院患者（年龄：40.7±12.6 岁，53%为女性）和 141 名健康对照组（年龄：36.7±12.7 岁，58%为女性）的数据。我们使用 Åstrand-Rhyming 测试评估 CRF，使用心率变异性（HRV）评估自我报告的感知健康状况和自主神经功能。具体而言，我们使用静息心率、基于时间和基于频率的 HRV 参数。住院患者完成贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II），以自我评估抑郁的主观严重程度。根据这些评分，参与者被分为轻度、中度和重度 MDD。主要发现是抑郁严重程度与 CRF 和感知健康状况呈负相关，与健康对照组相比。静息心率随着抑郁严重程度的增加而升高。基于时间的自主神经功能参数而非基于频率的参数与抑郁严重程度呈负相关。结果表明，在重度抑郁症住院患者中，那些自我评估严重程度得分特别高的患者与健康对照组相比，CRF 较低，感知健康状况较差，部分自主神经功能障碍。为了对抗这些情况，体育活动干预可能是有效的。
