FLN-2 在秀丽隐杆线虫的 P 细胞通过狭窄空间进行核迁移过程中,与核骨架和细胞骨架复合物的连接蛋白以及 CDC-42/肌动蛋白途径平行发挥作用。
FLN-2 functions in parallel to linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complexes and CDC-42/actin pathways during P-cell nuclear migration through constricted spaces in Caenorhabditis elegans.
机构信息
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
出版信息
Genetics. 2024 Jul 8;227(3). doi: 10.1093/genetics/iyae071.
Nuclear migration through narrow constrictions is important for development, metastasis, and proinflammatory responses. Studies performed in tissue culture cells have implicated linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes, microtubule motors, the actin cytoskeleton, and nuclear envelope repair machinery as important mediators of nuclear movements through constricted spaces. However, little is understood about how these mechanisms operate to move nuclei in vivo. In Caenorhabditis elegans larvae, six pairs of hypodermal P cells migrate from lateral to ventral positions through a constricted space between the body wall muscles and the cuticle. P-cell nuclear migration is mediated in part by LINC complexes using a microtubule-based pathway and by an independent CDC-42/actin-based pathway. However, when both LINC complex and actin-based pathways are knocked out, many nuclei still migrate, suggesting the existence of additional pathways. Here, we show that FLN-2 functions in a third pathway to mediate P-cell nuclear migration. The predicted N-terminal actin-binding domain in FLN-2 that is found in canonical filamins is dispensable for FLN-2 function; this and structural predictions suggest that FLN-2 does not function as a filamin. The immunoglobulin-like repeats 4-8 of FLN-2 were necessary for P-cell nuclear migration. Furthermore, in the absence of the LINC complex component unc-84, fln-2 mutants had an increase in P-cell nuclear rupture. We conclude that FLN-2 functions to maintain the integrity of the nuclear envelope in parallel with the LINC complex and CDC-42/actin-based pathways to move P-cell nuclei through constricted spaces.
核通过狭窄的紧缩迁移对于发育、转移和促炎反应很重要。在组织培养细胞中进行的研究表明,核骨架和细胞骨架(LINC)复合物、微管马达、肌动球蛋白细胞骨架和核膜修复机制是核通过狭窄空间迁移的重要介质。然而,对于这些机制如何在体内移动核,我们知之甚少。在秀丽隐杆线虫幼虫中,六对真皮 P 细胞通过体壁肌肉和角质层之间的狭窄空间从侧向向腹侧位置迁移。P 细胞核迁移部分由 LINC 复合物通过基于微管的途径和独立的 CDC-42/肌动蛋白基于的途径介导。然而,当 LINC 复合物和肌动蛋白途径都被敲除时,许多核仍然迁移,这表明存在其他途径。在这里,我们表明 FLN-2 在第三个途径中起作用,以介导 P 细胞核迁移。FLN-2 中存在于典型细丝蛋白中的预测 N 端肌动蛋白结合结构域对于 FLN-2 功能是可有可无的;这和结构预测表明,FLN-2 不作为细丝蛋白发挥作用。FLN-2 的免疫球蛋白样重复 4-8 对于 P 细胞核迁移是必需的。此外,在缺乏 LINC 复合物成分 unc-84 的情况下,fln-2 突变体中 P 细胞核破裂增加。我们得出结论,FLN-2 与 LINC 复合物和 CDC-42/肌动蛋白途径平行发挥作用,以维持核膜的完整性,从而使 P 细胞核通过狭窄空间迁移。
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