宏基因组学和代谢组学分析揭示了以草为食和以谷物为食的三河小母牛瘤胃微生物群的差异。
Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal differences in rumen microbiota between grass- and grain-fed Sanhe heifers.
作者信息
Zhang Xinyu, Wang Wei, Wang Yajing, Cao Zhijun, Yang Hongjian, Li Shengli
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Microbiol. 2024 May 13;15:1336278. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336278. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets on the composition and function of rumen microbiome and metabolites in Sanhe heifers.
METHODS
Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses were performed using rumen fluid samples collected from Sanhe heifers ( = 20) with similar body weights and ages from grass-fed and grain-fed systems.
RESULTS
The grain-fed group exhibited more intensive rumen fermentation than the grass-fed group. However, the grass-fed group exhibited carbohydrate metabolism and methane production higher than that of the grain-fed group; these increases were observed as a higher abundance of various bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia), families (Lachnospiraceae, Eubacteriaceae, and Eggerthellaceae), and the archaeal family Methanobacteriaceae. A comparison of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome profiles, revealed noteworthy differences in the functions of rumen microbiota; these differences were largely dependent on the feeding system.
CONCLUSION
These results could help manipulate and regulate feed efficiency in Sanhe cattle.
引言
本研究旨在调查日粮对三河小母牛瘤胃微生物群组成和功能以及代谢产物的影响。
方法
使用从体重和年龄相近的草饲和谷饲系统的三河小母牛（n = 20）采集的瘤胃液样本进行宏基因组和代谢组分析。
结果
谷饲组比草饲组表现出更强的瘤胃发酵。然而，草饲组的碳水化合物代谢和甲烷产量高于谷饲组；观察到这些增加表现为各种细菌门（厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、 Lentisphaerae 和疣微菌门）、科（毛螺菌科、真杆菌科和埃格特菌科）以及古菌科甲烷杆菌科的丰度更高。使用京都基因与基因组百科全书图谱对编码碳水化合物活性酶的基因进行比较，揭示了瘤胃微生物群功能的显著差异；这些差异在很大程度上取决于饲养系统。
结论
这些结果有助于调控三河牛的饲料效率。
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