中国东部地区农村到城市移民工人的健康不平等及其分解：一项比较性横截面研究。

OBJECTIVES: As a specific group with high health inequality, it is crucial to improve the health status and health inequalities of rural-to-urban migrant workers. This study aimed to evaluate the health inequality of migrant and urban workers in China and decompose it. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a standardized questionnaire to obtain basic information, self-rated health to evaluate health status, concentration index to measure health inequalities, and WDW decomposition to analyze the causes of health inequalities. RESULTS: The concentration index of health for migrants was 0.021 and 0.009 for urban workers. The main factors contributing to health inequality among rural-to-urban migrant workers included income, exercise, and age. In contrast, the main factors of health inequality among urban workers included income, the number of chronic diseases, social support, and education. CONCLUSION: There were health inequalities in both rural-to-urban migrant and urban workers. The government and relevant authorities should formulate timely policies and take targeted measures to reduce income disparities among workers, thereby improving health inequality.

目的：作为一个健康不平等程度较高的特殊群体，改善农村到城市的流动人口的健康状况和健康不平等现象至关重要。本研究旨在评估中国流动人口和城市职工的健康不平等，并对其进行分解。

方法：本研究采用横断面研究，使用标准化问卷获取基本信息，自我报告健康状况评估健康状况，集中指数衡量健康不平等程度，以及 WDW 分解分析健康不平等的原因。

结果：流动人口的健康集中指数为 0.021，城市职工为 0.009。导致农村到城市流动人口健康不平等的主要因素包括收入、运动和年龄。相比之下，城市职工健康不平等的主要因素包括收入、慢性病数量、社会支持和教育。

结论：农村到城市的流动人口和城市职工都存在健康不平等。政府和相关部门应制定及时的政策，采取有针对性的措施，缩小工人之间的收入差距，从而改善健康不平等状况。