Chutorian A M, LaScala C P, Ores C N, Nass R
Department of Clinical Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
Pediatr Neurol. 1985 Nov-Dec;1(6):335-41. doi: 10.1016/0887-8994(85)90067-0.
Twenty-two children who were chloride-depleted in infancy due to a chloride-deficient diet and who had resultant hypochloremic alkalosis were analyzed in regard to their signs and symptoms, metabolic studies, and growth parameters. Deceleration of weight, linear growth, and head growth occurred in most, and persistent growth failure occurred in some. The majority had cognitive deficits at follow-up. Comparison with growth parameters in a chronically malnourished group of children who had a variety of disorders revealed a similar degree of deceleration of weight (p = 0.50) and height (p = 0.70), but more severe deceleration of head growth (p = 0.01). Comparison with follow-up cognitive deficits reported in the United States medical literature in children with similar severity of nutritional deprivation indicates that the chloride-depleted infants had more frequent and more severe cognitive deficits (p = 0.09). Cognitive deficits have been documented in U. S. children who are nutritionally deprived only when disorders causing concomitant chloride depletion are responsible for the malnutrition.
对22名因婴儿期饮食中氯化物缺乏而导致氯化物耗竭并继发低氯性碱中毒的儿童，就其体征和症状、代谢研究及生长参数进行了分析。大多数儿童出现体重、线性生长及头部生长减速，部分儿童出现持续性生长发育迟缓。多数儿童在随访时存在认知缺陷。将其生长参数与患有各种疾病的慢性营养不良儿童组进行比较，结果显示体重减速程度相似（p = 0.50），身高减速程度相似（p = 0.70），但头部生长减速更为严重（p = 0.01）。与美国医学文献中报道的营养剥夺严重程度相似的儿童随访认知缺陷情况相比，氯化物耗竭的婴儿认知缺陷更频繁、更严重（p = 0.09）。美国有文献记载，只有当导致氯化物伴随耗竭的疾病是营养不良的原因时，营养剥夺的儿童才会出现认知缺陷。
